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<div class="section" id="ansible-modules">
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<h1>Ansible Modules<a class="headerlink" href="#ansible-modules" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
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<p>Ansible ships with a number of modules that can be executed directly on remote hosts or through
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ansible playbooks.</p>
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<div class="admonition-see-also admonition seealso">
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<p class="first admonition-title">See also</p>
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<dl class="last docutils">
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<dt><a class="reference internal" href="examples.html"><em>Command Line Examples</em></a></dt>
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<dd>Examples of using modules in /usr/bin/ansible</dd>
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<dt><a class="reference internal" href="playbooks.html"><em>Playbooks</em></a></dt>
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<dd>Examples of using modules with /usr/bin/ansible-playbook</dd>
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<dt><a class="reference internal" href="api.html"><em>Using the Python API</em></a></dt>
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<dd>Examples of using modules with the Python API</dd>
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</dl>
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</div>
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<p>Nearly all modules take key=value parameters. Some modules take no parameters, and the command
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module just takes arguments for the command you want to run.</p>
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<p>All modules return JSON format data, thoug if you are using the command line or playbooks, you
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don’t really need to know much about that.</p>
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<p>Most modules other than command are idempotent, meaning they will seek to avoid changes
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unless a change needs to be made. When using ansible playbooks, these modules can
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trigger change events. Unless otherwise noted, all modules support change hooks.</p>
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<p>Stock modules:</p>
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<div class="section" id="command">
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<h2>command<a class="headerlink" href="#command" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
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<p>The command module takes the command name followed by a list of arguments, space delimited.
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This is the only module that does not use key=value style parameters.</p>
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<p>Example usage:</p>
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<div class="highlight-python"><pre>/sbin/shutdown -t now</pre>
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</div>
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<p>The given shell command will be executed on all selected nodes.</p>
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<p>This module does not support change hooks and returns the return code from the program as well as timing information about how long the command was running for.</p>
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</div>
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<div class="section" id="copy">
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<h2>copy<a class="headerlink" href="#copy" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
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<p>The copy module moves a file on the local box to remote locations.</p>
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<p><em>src</em>:</p>
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<p>Local path to a file to copy to the remote server. This can be an absolute or relative path.</p>
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<p><em>dest</em>:</p>
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<p>Remote absolute path where the file should end up.</p>
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<p>This module also returns md5sum information about the resultant file.</p>
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</div>
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<div class="section" id="facter">
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<h2>facter<a class="headerlink" href="#facter" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
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<p>Runs the discovery program ‘facter’ on the remote system, returning
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JSON data that can be useful for inventory purposes.</p>
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<p>Requires that ‘facter’ and ‘ruby-json’ be installed on the remote end.</p>
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<p>This module is informative only - it takes no parameters & does not support change hooks,
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nor does it make any changes on the system. Playbooks do not actually use
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this module, they use the ‘setup’ module behind the scenes.</p>
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</div>
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<div class="section" id="git">
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<h2>git<a class="headerlink" href="#git" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
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<p>Deploys software (or files) from git checkouts.</p>
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<p><em>repo</em>:</p>
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<p>git or http protocol address of the repo to checkout</p>
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<p><em>dest</em>:</p>
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<p>where to check it out, an absolute directory path</p>
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<p><em>version</em>:</p>
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<p>what version to check out – either the git SHA, the literal string ‘HEAD’, or a tag name</p>
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</div>
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<div class="section" id="ohai">
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<h2>ohai<a class="headerlink" href="#ohai" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
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<p>Similar to the facter module, this returns JSON inventory data. Ohai
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data is a bit more verbose and nested than facter.</p>
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<p>Requires that ‘ohai’ be installed on the remote end.</p>
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<p>This module is information only - it takes no parameters & does not
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support change hooks, nor does it make any changes on the system.</p>
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<p>Playbooks should not call the ohai module, playbooks call the ‘setup’
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module behind the scenes instead.</p>
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</div>
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<div class="section" id="ping">
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<h2>ping<a class="headerlink" href="#ping" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
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<p>A trivial test module, this module always returns the integer ‘1’ on
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successful contact.</p>
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<p>This module does not support change hooks and is informative only - it takes no parameters & does not
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support change hooks, nor does it make any changes on the system.</p>
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</div>
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<div class="section" id="service">
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<h2>service<a class="headerlink" href="#service" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
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<p>Controls services on remote machines.</p>
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<p><em>state</em></p>
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<p>Values are ‘started’, ‘stopped’, or ‘restarted’. Started/stopped
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are idempotent actions that will not run commands unless neccessary.
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‘restarted’ will always bounce the service</p>
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<p><em>name</em></p>
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<p>The name of the service</p>
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</div>
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<div class="section" id="setup">
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<h2>setup<a class="headerlink" href="#setup" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
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<p>Writes a JSON file containing key/value data, for use in templating.
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Call this once before using the template modules. Playbooks will
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execute this module automatically as the first step in each play using
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the variables section, so it is unneccessary to make explicit calls to
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setup within a playbook.</p>
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<p>If facter or ohai are installed, variables from these programs will also
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be snapshotted into the JSON file for usage in templating. These variables
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are prefixed with ‘<a class="reference internal" href="#facter">facter</a>‘ and ‘<a class="reference internal" href="#ohai">ohai</a>” so it’s easy to tell their source.
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All variables are then bubbled up to the caller.</p>
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<p><em>anything</em></p>
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<p>any other parameters can be named basically anything, and set a key=value
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pair in the JSON file for use in templating.</p>
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</div>
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<div class="section" id="template">
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<h2>template<a class="headerlink" href="#template" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
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<p>Templates a file out to a remote server. Call the setup module prior to usage.</p>
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<p><em>src</em></p>
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<p>path of a Jinja2 formatted template on the local server. This can be a relative
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or absolute path.</p>
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<p><em>dest</em></p>
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<p>location to render the template on the remote server</p>
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<p>This module also returns md5sum information about the resultant file.</p>
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</div>
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<div class="section" id="writing-your-own-modules">
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<h2>Writing your own modules<a class="headerlink" href="#writing-your-own-modules" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
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<p>To write your own modules, simply follow the convention of those already available in
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/usr/share/ansible. Modules must return JSON but can be written in any language.
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Modules should return hashes, but hashes can be nested.</p>
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<p>To support change hooks, modules should return hashes with a changed: True/False
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element at the top level:</p>
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<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="p">{</span>
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<span class="s">'changed'</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="bp">True</span><span class="p">,</span>
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<span class="s">'something'</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">42</span>
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<span class="p">}</span>
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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<p>Modules can also choose to indicate a failure scenario by returning a top level ‘failure’
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element with a True value, and a ‘msg’ element describing the nature of the failure.
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Other return values are up to the module.</p>
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<blockquote>
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<div><dl class="docutils">
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<dt>{</dt>
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<dd>‘failure’ : True,
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‘msg’ : “here is what happened...”</dd>
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</dl>
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<p>}</p>
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</div></blockquote>
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<p>When shipping modules, drop them in /usr/share/ansible, or specify the module path to the
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command line tool or API. It is easy to test modules by running them directly on
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the command line, passing them arguments just like they would be passed with ansible.</p>
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<p class="pull-right"><a href="#">Back to top</a></p>
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© Copyright 2012 Michael DeHaan.<br/>
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