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Add Alicloud, Online, Packet, and Scaleway scenario guides (#7714) * Add Alicloud, Packet, and Scaleway scenario guides. These were taken from3f12228c79/docs/docsite/rst/scenario_guidesand adjusted to reality. * Fix references. * Add Online guide. * Add BOTMETA entries. * Use FQCN. * Improve code formatting and indentation. * Update BOTMETA. (cherry picked from commit838e4e3f02) Co-authored-by: Felix Fontein <felix@fontein.de>
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Copyright (c) Ansible Project
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GNU General Public License v3.0+ (see LICENSES/GPL-3.0-or-later.txt or https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.txt)
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SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
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.. _ansible_collections.community.general.docsite.guide_packet:
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**********************************
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Packet.net Guide
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**********************************
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Introduction
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============
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`Packet.net <https://packet.net>`_ is a bare metal infrastructure host that is supported by the community.general collection through six cloud modules. The six modules are:
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- :ansplugin:`community.general.packet_device#module`: manages servers on Packet. You can use this module to create, restart and delete devices.
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- :ansplugin:`community.general.packet_ip_subnet#module`: assign IP subnet to a bare metal server
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- :ansplugin:`community.general.packet_project#module`: create/delete a project in Packet host
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- :ansplugin:`community.general.packet_sshkey#module`: adds a public SSH key from file or value to the Packet infrastructure. Every subsequently-created device will have this public key installed in .ssh/authorized_keys.
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- :ansplugin:`community.general.packet_volume#module`: create/delete a volume in Packet host
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- :ansplugin:`community.general.packet_volume_attachment#module`: attach/detach a volume to a device in the Packet host
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Note, this guide assumes you are familiar with Ansible and how it works. If you are not, have a look at their :ref:`docs <ansible_documentation>` before getting started.
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Requirements
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============
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The Packet modules connect to the Packet API using the `packet-python package <https://pypi.org/project/packet-python/>`_. You can install it with pip:
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.. code-block:: console
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$ pip install packet-python
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In order to check the state of devices created by Ansible on Packet, it is a good idea to install one of the `Packet CLI clients <https://www.packet.net/developers/integrations/>`_. Otherwise you can check them through the `Packet portal <https://app.packet.net/portal>`_.
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To use the modules you will need a Packet API token. You can generate an API token through the Packet portal `here <https://app.packet.net/portal#/api-keys>`__. The simplest way to authenticate yourself is to set the Packet API token in an environment variable:
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.. code-block:: console
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$ export PACKET_API_TOKEN=Bfse9F24SFtfs423Gsd3ifGsd43sSdfs
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If you are not comfortable exporting your API token, you can pass it as a parameter to the modules.
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On Packet, devices and reserved IP addresses belong to `projects <https://www.packet.com/developers/api/#projects>`_. In order to use the packet_device module, you need to specify the UUID of the project in which you want to create or manage devices. You can find a project's UUID in the Packet portal `here <https://app.packet.net/portal#/projects/list/table/>`_ (it is just under the project table) or through one of the available `CLIs <https://www.packet.net/developers/integrations/>`_.
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If you want to use a new SSH key pair in this tutorial, you can generate it to ``./id_rsa`` and ``./id_rsa.pub`` as:
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.. code-block:: console
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$ ssh-keygen -t rsa -f ./id_rsa
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If you want to use an existing key pair, just copy the private and public key over to the playbook directory.
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Device Creation
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===============
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The following code block is a simple playbook that creates one `Type 0 <https://www.packet.com/cloud/servers/t1-small/>`_ server (the ``plan`` parameter). You have to supply ``plan`` and ``operating_system``. ``location`` defaults to ``ewr1`` (Parsippany, NJ). You can find all the possible values for the parameters through a `CLI client <https://www.packet.net/developers/integrations/>`_.
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.. code-block:: yaml+jinja
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# playbook_create.yml
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- name: Create Ubuntu device
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hosts: localhost
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tasks:
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- community.general.packet_sshkey:
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key_file: ./id_rsa.pub
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label: tutorial key
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- community.general.packet_device:
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project_id: <your_project_id>
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hostnames: myserver
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operating_system: ubuntu_16_04
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plan: baremetal_0
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facility: sjc1
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After running ``ansible-playbook playbook_create.yml``, you should have a server provisioned on Packet. You can verify through a CLI or in the `Packet portal <https://app.packet.net/portal#/projects/list/table>`__.
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If you get an error with the message "failed to set machine state present, error: Error 404: Not Found", please verify your project UUID.
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Updating Devices
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================
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The two parameters used to uniquely identify Packet devices are: "device_ids" and "hostnames". Both parameters accept either a single string (later converted to a one-element list), or a list of strings.
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The ``device_ids`` and ``hostnames`` parameters are mutually exclusive. The following values are all acceptable:
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- device_ids: ``a27b7a83-fc93-435b-a128-47a5b04f2dcf``
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- hostnames: ``mydev1``
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- device_ids: ``[a27b7a83-fc93-435b-a128-47a5b04f2dcf, 4887130f-0ccd-49a0-99b0-323c1ceb527b]``
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- hostnames: ``[mydev1, mydev2]``
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In addition, hostnames can contain a special ``%d`` formatter along with a ``count`` parameter that lets you easily expand hostnames that follow a simple name and number pattern; in other words, ``hostnames: "mydev%d", count: 2`` will expand to [mydev1, mydev2].
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If your playbook acts on existing Packet devices, you can only pass the ``hostname`` and ``device_ids`` parameters. The following playbook shows how you can reboot a specific Packet device by setting the ``hostname`` parameter:
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.. code-block:: yaml+jinja
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# playbook_reboot.yml
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- name: reboot myserver
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hosts: localhost
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tasks:
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- community.general.packet_device:
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project_id: <your_project_id>
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hostnames: myserver
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state: rebooted
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You can also identify specific Packet devices with the ``device_ids`` parameter. The device's UUID can be found in the `Packet Portal <https://app.packet.net/portal>`_ or by using a `CLI <https://www.packet.net/developers/integrations/>`_. The following playbook removes a Packet device using the ``device_ids`` field:
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.. code-block:: yaml+jinja
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# playbook_remove.yml
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- name: remove a device
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hosts: localhost
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tasks:
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- community.general.packet_device:
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project_id: <your_project_id>
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device_ids: <myserver_device_id>
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state: absent
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More Complex Playbooks
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======================
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In this example, we will create a CoreOS cluster with `user data <https://packet.com/developers/docs/servers/key-features/user-data/>`_.
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The CoreOS cluster will use `etcd <https://etcd.io/>`_ for discovery of other servers in the cluster. Before provisioning your servers, you will need to generate a discovery token for your cluster:
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.. code-block:: console
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$ curl -w "\n" 'https://discovery.etcd.io/new?size=3'
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The following playbook will create an SSH key, 3 Packet servers, and then wait until SSH is ready (or until 5 minutes passed). Make sure to substitute the discovery token URL in ``user_data``, and the ``project_id`` before running ``ansible-playbook``. Also, feel free to change ``plan`` and ``facility``.
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.. code-block:: yaml+jinja
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# playbook_coreos.yml
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- name: Start 3 CoreOS nodes in Packet and wait until SSH is ready
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hosts: localhost
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tasks:
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- community.general.packet_sshkey:
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key_file: ./id_rsa.pub
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label: new
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- community.general.packet_device:
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hostnames: [coreos-one, coreos-two, coreos-three]
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operating_system: coreos_beta
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plan: baremetal_0
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facility: ewr1
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project_id: <your_project_id>
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wait_for_public_IPv: 4
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user_data: |
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#cloud-config
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coreos:
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etcd2:
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discovery: https://discovery.etcd.io/<token>
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advertise-client-urls: http://$private_ipv4:2379,http://$private_ipv4:4001
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initial-advertise-peer-urls: http://$private_ipv4:2380
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listen-client-urls: http://0.0.0.0:2379,http://0.0.0.0:4001
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listen-peer-urls: http://$private_ipv4:2380
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fleet:
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public-ip: $private_ipv4
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units:
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- name: etcd2.service
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command: start
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- name: fleet.service
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command: start
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register: newhosts
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- name: wait for ssh
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ansible.builtin.wait_for:
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delay: 1
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host: "{{ item.public_ipv4 }}"
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port: 22
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state: started
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timeout: 500
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loop: "{{ newhosts.results[0].devices }}"
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As with most Ansible modules, the default states of the Packet modules are idempotent, meaning the resources in your project will remain the same after re-runs of a playbook. Thus, we can keep the ``packet_sshkey`` module call in our playbook. If the public key is already in your Packet account, the call will have no effect.
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The second module call provisions 3 Packet Type 0 (specified using the ``plan`` parameter) servers in the project identified by the ``project_id`` parameter. The servers are all provisioned with CoreOS beta (the ``operating_system`` parameter) and are customized with cloud-config user data passed to the ``user_data`` parameter.
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The ``packet_device`` module has a ``wait_for_public_IPv`` that is used to specify the version of the IP address to wait for (valid values are ``4`` or ``6`` for IPv4 or IPv6). If specified, Ansible will wait until the GET API call for a device contains an Internet-routeable IP address of the specified version. When referring to an IP address of a created device in subsequent module calls, it is wise to use the ``wait_for_public_IPv`` parameter, or ``state: active`` in the packet_device module call.
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Run the playbook:
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.. code-block:: console
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$ ansible-playbook playbook_coreos.yml
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Once the playbook quits, your new devices should be reachable through SSH. Try to connect to one and check if etcd has started properly:
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.. code-block:: console
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tomk@work $ ssh -i id_rsa core@$one_of_the_servers_ip
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core@coreos-one ~ $ etcdctl cluster-health
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If you have any questions or comments let us know! help@packet.net
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