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<div class="section" id="using-the-python-api">
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<h1>Using the Python API<a class="headerlink" href="#using-the-python-api" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
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<p>The Python API is very powerful, and is how the ansible CLI and ansible-playbook
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are implemented.</p>
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<p>It’s pretty simple:</p>
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<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">ansible.runner</span>
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<span class="n">runner</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">ansible</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">runner</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Runner</span><span class="p">(</span>
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<span class="n">module_name</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">'ping'</span><span class="p">,</span>
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<span class="n">module_args</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">''</span><span class="p">,</span>
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<span class="n">pattern</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">'web*'</span><span class="p">,</span>
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<span class="n">forks</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">10</span>
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<span class="p">)</span>
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<span class="n">datastructure</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">runner</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">run</span><span class="p">()</span>
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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<p>The run method returns results per host, grouped by whether they
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could be contacted or not. Return types are module specific, as
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expressed in the ‘ansible-modules’ documentation.:</p>
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<div class="highlight-python"><pre>{
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"dark" : {
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"web1.example.com" : "failure message"
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}
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"contacted" : {
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"web2.example.com" : 1
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}
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}</pre>
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</div>
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<p>A module can return any type of JSON data it wants, so Ansible can
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be used as a framework to rapidly build powerful applications and scripts.</p>
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<div class="section" id="detailed-api-example">
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<h2>Detailed API Example<a class="headerlink" href="#detailed-api-example" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
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<p>The following script prints out the uptime information for all hosts:</p>
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<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="c">#!/usr/bin/python</span>
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<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">ansible.runner</span>
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<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">sys</span>
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<span class="c"># construct the ansible runner and execute on all hosts</span>
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<span class="n">results</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">ansible</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">runner</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Runner</span><span class="p">(</span>
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<span class="n">pattern</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">'*'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">forks</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">,</span>
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<span class="n">module_name</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">'command'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">module_args</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s">'/usr/bin/uptime'</span><span class="p">],</span>
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<span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">run</span><span class="p">()</span>
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<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">results</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="bp">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
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<span class="k">print</span> <span class="s">"No hosts found"</span>
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<span class="n">sys</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">exit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<span class="k">print</span> <span class="s">"UP ***********"</span>
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<span class="k">for</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">hostname</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">result</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">results</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s">'contacted'</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">():</span>
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<span class="k">if</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="s">'failed'</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">result</span><span class="p">:</span>
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<span class="k">print</span> <span class="s">"</span><span class="si">%s</span><span class="s"> >>> </span><span class="si">%s</span><span class="s">"</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">hostname</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">result</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s">'stdout'</span><span class="p">])</span>
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<span class="k">print</span> <span class="s">"FAILED *******"</span>
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<span class="k">for</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">hostname</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">result</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">results</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s">'contacted'</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">():</span>
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<span class="k">if</span> <span class="s">'failed'</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">result</span><span class="p">:</span>
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<span class="k">print</span> <span class="s">"</span><span class="si">%s</span><span class="s"> >>> </span><span class="si">%s</span><span class="s">"</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">hostname</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">result</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s">'msg'</span><span class="p">])</span>
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<span class="k">print</span> <span class="s">"DOWN *********"</span>
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<span class="k">for</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">hostname</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">result</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">results</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s">'dark'</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">():</span>
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<span class="k">print</span> <span class="s">"</span><span class="si">%s</span><span class="s"> >>> </span><span class="si">%s</span><span class="s">"</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">hostname</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">result</span><span class="p">)</span>
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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<p>Advanced programmers may also wish to read the source to ansible itself, for
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it uses the Runner() API (with all available options) to implement the
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command line tools <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ansible</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ansible-playbook</span></tt>.</p>
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