mirror of
https://github.com/ansible-collections/community.general.git
synced 2024-09-14 20:13:21 +02:00
399 lines
No EOL
20 KiB
HTML
399 lines
No EOL
20 KiB
HTML
|
|
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
|
|
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
|
|
|
|
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
|
|
<head>
|
|
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
|
|
|
|
<title>Getting Started — Ansible - SSH-Based Configuration Management & Deployment</title>
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="_static/default.css" type="text/css" />
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="_static/pygments.css" type="text/css" />
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="_static/bootstrap.css" type="text/css" />
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="_static/bootstrap-sphinx.css" type="text/css" />
|
|
<script type="text/javascript">
|
|
var DOCUMENTATION_OPTIONS = {
|
|
URL_ROOT: '',
|
|
VERSION: '0.01',
|
|
COLLAPSE_INDEX: false,
|
|
FILE_SUFFIX: '.html',
|
|
HAS_SOURCE: false
|
|
};
|
|
</script>
|
|
<script type="text/javascript" src="_static/jquery.js"></script>
|
|
<script type="text/javascript" src="_static/underscore.js"></script>
|
|
<script type="text/javascript" src="_static/doctools.js"></script>
|
|
<script type="text/javascript" src="_static/bootstrap-dropdown.js"></script>
|
|
<script type="text/javascript" src="_static/bootstrap-scrollspy.js"></script>
|
|
<link rel="shortcut icon" href="_static/favicon.ico"/>
|
|
<link rel="top" title="Ansible - SSH-Based Configuration Management & Deployment" href="index.html" />
|
|
<link rel="next" title="Inventory & Patterns" href="patterns.html" />
|
|
<link rel="prev" title="Introducing Ansible" href="index.html" />
|
|
<script type="text/javascript">
|
|
(function () {
|
|
/**
|
|
* Patch TOC list.
|
|
*
|
|
* Will mutate the underlying span to have a correct ul for nav.
|
|
*
|
|
* @param $span: Span containing nested UL's to mutate.
|
|
* @param minLevel: Starting level for nested lists. (1: global, 2: local).
|
|
*/
|
|
var patchToc = function ($span, minLevel) {
|
|
var $tocList = $("<ul/>").attr('class', "dropdown-menu"),
|
|
findA;
|
|
|
|
// Find all a "internal" tags, traversing recursively.
|
|
findA = function ($elem, level) {
|
|
var level = level || 0,
|
|
$items = $elem.find("> li > a.internal, > ul, > li > ul");
|
|
|
|
// Iterate everything in order.
|
|
$items.each(function (index, item) {
|
|
var $item = $(item),
|
|
tag = item.tagName.toLowerCase(),
|
|
pad = 10 + ((level - minLevel) * 10);
|
|
|
|
if (tag === 'a' && level >= minLevel) {
|
|
// Add to existing padding.
|
|
$item.css('padding-left', pad + "px");
|
|
// Add list element.
|
|
$tocList.append($("<li/>").append($item));
|
|
} else if (tag === 'ul') {
|
|
// Recurse.
|
|
findA($item, level + 1);
|
|
}
|
|
});
|
|
};
|
|
|
|
// Start construction and return.
|
|
findA($span);
|
|
|
|
// Wipe out old list and patch in new one.
|
|
return $span.empty("ul").append($tocList);
|
|
};
|
|
|
|
$(document).ready(function () {
|
|
// Patch the global and local TOC's to be bootstrap-compliant.
|
|
patchToc($("span.globaltoc"), 1);
|
|
patchToc($("span.localtoc"), 2);
|
|
|
|
// Activate.
|
|
$('#topbar').dropdown();
|
|
});
|
|
}());
|
|
</script>
|
|
|
|
<script type="text/javascript">
|
|
|
|
var _gaq = _gaq || [];
|
|
_gaq.push(['_setAccount', 'UA-29861888-1']);
|
|
_gaq.push(['_trackPageview']);
|
|
|
|
(function() {
|
|
var ga = document.createElement('script'); ga.type =
|
|
'text/javascript'; ga.async = true;
|
|
ga.src = ('https:' == document.location.protocol ? 'https://ssl' :
|
|
'http://www') + '.google-analytics.com/ga.js';
|
|
var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0];
|
|
s.parentNode.insertBefore(ga, s);
|
|
})();
|
|
|
|
</script>
|
|
|
|
<script type="text/javascript">
|
|
(function() {
|
|
var po = document.createElement('script'); po.type = 'text/javascript'; po.async = true;
|
|
po.src = 'https://apis.google.com/js/plusone.js';
|
|
var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(po, s);
|
|
})();
|
|
</script>
|
|
|
|
<script>(function(d, s, id) {
|
|
var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0];
|
|
if (d.getElementById(id)) return;
|
|
js = d.createElement(s); js.id = id;
|
|
js.src = "//connect.facebook.net/en_US/all.js#xfbml=1";
|
|
fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs);
|
|
}(document, 'script', 'facebook-jssdk'));</script>
|
|
|
|
</head>
|
|
<body>
|
|
<div class="topbar" data-scrollspy="scrollspy" >
|
|
<div class="topbar-inner">
|
|
<div class="container">
|
|
<!-- <a class="brand" href="index.html">Ansible</a> -->
|
|
<ul class="nav">
|
|
|
|
<li class="dropdown" data-dropdown="dropdown">
|
|
<a href="index.html"
|
|
class="dropdown-toggle">Chapter</a>
|
|
<span class="globaltoc"><ul class="current">
|
|
<li class="toctree-l1 current"><a class="current reference internal" href="">Getting Started</a></li>
|
|
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="patterns.html">Inventory & Patterns</a></li>
|
|
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="examples.html">Command Line</a></li>
|
|
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="modules.html">Ansible Modules</a></li>
|
|
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="YAMLSyntax.html">YAML Syntax</a></li>
|
|
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="playbooks.html">Playbooks</a></li>
|
|
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="playbooks2.html">Advanced Playbooks</a></li>
|
|
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="bestpractices.html">Best Practices</a></li>
|
|
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="api.html">API & Integrations</a></li>
|
|
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="moduledev.html">Module Development</a></li>
|
|
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="faq.html">FAQ</a></li>
|
|
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="who_uses_ansible.html">Who Uses Ansible</a></li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li class="dropdown" data-dropdown="dropdown">
|
|
<a href="#"
|
|
class="dropdown-toggle">Page</a>
|
|
<span class="localtoc"><ul>
|
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">Getting Started</a><ul>
|
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#requirements">Requirements</a></li>
|
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#python-2-6-epel-instructions-for-rhel-and-centos-5">Python 2.6 EPEL instructions for RHEL and CentOS 5</a></li>
|
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#getting-ansible">Getting Ansible</a><ul>
|
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#running-from-checkout">Running From Checkout</a></li>
|
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#make-install">Make Install</a></li>
|
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#via-rpm">Via RPM</a></li>
|
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#debian-gentoo-arch-others">Debian, Gentoo, Arch, Others</a></li>
|
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#tagged-releases">Tagged Releases</a></li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#choosing-between-paramiko-and-native-ssh">Choosing Between Paramiko and Native SSH</a></li>
|
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#your-first-commands">Your first commands</a></li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
<ul class="nav secondary-nav">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<form class="pull-left" action="search.html" method="get">
|
|
<input type="text" name="q" placeholder="Search" />
|
|
<input type="hidden" name="check_keywords" value="yes" />
|
|
<input type="hidden" name="area" value="default" />
|
|
</form>
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<a href="http://github.com/ansible/ansible"><img style="position: absolute; right: 0; border: 0;" src="http://ansible.github.com/github.png" alt="Fork me on GitHub"></a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div class="container">
|
|
<a href="http://ansible.github.com"><img src="http://ansible.github.com/ansible-logo.png" alt="Ansible"/></a><br/>
|
|
<br/>
|
|
|
|
<div class="section" id="getting-started">
|
|
<h1>Getting Started<a class="headerlink" href="#getting-started" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
|
|
<div class="section" id="requirements">
|
|
<h2>Requirements<a class="headerlink" href="#requirements" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
|
|
<p>Requirements for Ansible are extremely minimal.</p>
|
|
<p>Ansible is written for Python 2.6. If you are running Python 2.5 on an “Enterprise Linux” variant,
|
|
your distribution can easily install 2.6 (see instructions in the next section). Newer versions
|
|
of Linux and OS X should already have 2.6.</p>
|
|
<p>In additon to Python 2.6, you will want the following packages:</p>
|
|
<ul class="simple">
|
|
<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">paramiko</span></tt></li>
|
|
<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">PyYAML</span></tt></li>
|
|
<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">python-jinja2</span></tt></li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
<p>On the managed nodes, you only need Python 2.4 or later, but if you are are running less than Python 2.6 on them, you will
|
|
also need:</p>
|
|
<ul class="simple">
|
|
<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">python-simplejson</span></tt></li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
<p>(Note that even that’s not quite true. Ansible’s “raw” module (for executing commands in a quick and dirty way) and the copy module – some of the most basic features in ansible don’t even need that. So technically, you can use Ansible to install python-simplejson using the raw module, which then allows you to use everything else. That’s jumping ahead though.)</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="section" id="python-2-6-epel-instructions-for-rhel-and-centos-5">
|
|
<h2>Python 2.6 EPEL instructions for RHEL and CentOS 5<a class="headerlink" href="#python-2-6-epel-instructions-for-rhel-and-centos-5" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
|
|
<p>These distributions don’t have Python 2.6 by default, but it is easily installable.</p>
|
|
<ul class="simple">
|
|
<li>If you have not already done so, <a class="reference external" href="http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/EPEL">configure EPEL</a></li>
|
|
<li>yum install python26 python26-PyYAML python26-paramiko python26-jinja2</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="section" id="getting-ansible">
|
|
<h2>Getting Ansible<a class="headerlink" href="#getting-ansible" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
|
|
<p>If you are interested in using all the latest features, you may wish to keep up to date
|
|
with the development branch of the git checkout. This also makes it easiest to contribute
|
|
back to the project.</p>
|
|
<p>Instructions for installing from source are below.</p>
|
|
<p>Ansible’s release cycles are about one month long. Due to this
|
|
short release cycle, any bugs will generally be fixed in the next release versus maintaining
|
|
backports on the stable branch.</p>
|
|
<p>You may also wish to follow the <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/ansible/ansible">Github project</a> if
|
|
you have a github account. This is also where we keep the issue tracker for sharing
|
|
bugs and feature ideas.</p>
|
|
<div class="section" id="running-from-checkout">
|
|
<h3>Running From Checkout<a class="headerlink" href="#running-from-checkout" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
|
|
<p>Ansible is trivially easy to run from a checkout, root permissions are not required
|
|
to use it:</p>
|
|
<div class="highlight-python"><pre>$ git clone git://github.com/ansible/ansible.git
|
|
$ cd ./ansible
|
|
$ source ./hacking/env-setup</pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>You can optionally specify an inventory file (see <a class="reference internal" href="patterns.html"><em>Inventory & Patterns</em></a>) other than /etc/ansible/hosts:</p>
|
|
<div class="highlight-python"><pre>$ echo "127.0.0.1" > ~/ansible_hosts
|
|
$ export ANSIBLE_HOSTS=~/ansible_hosts</pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>Now let’s test things:</p>
|
|
<div class="highlight-python"><pre>$ ansible all -m ping --ask-pass</pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="section" id="make-install">
|
|
<h3>Make Install<a class="headerlink" href="#make-install" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
|
|
<p>If you are not working from a distribution where Ansible is packaged yet, you can install Ansible
|
|
using “make install”. This is done through <cite>python-distutils</cite>:</p>
|
|
<div class="highlight-python"><pre>$ git clone git://github.com/ansible/ansible.git
|
|
$ cd ./ansible
|
|
$ sudo make install</pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="section" id="via-rpm">
|
|
<h3>Via RPM<a class="headerlink" href="#via-rpm" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
|
|
<p>RPMs for the last Ansible release are available for <a class="reference external" href="http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/EPEL">EPEL</a> 6 and currently supported
|
|
Fedora distributions.</p>
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|
<div># install the epel-release RPM if needed on CentOS, RHEL, or Scientific Linux
|
|
$ sudo yum install ansible</div></blockquote>
|
|
<p>You can also use the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">make</span> <span class="pre">rpm</span></tt> command to
|
|
build an RPM you can distribute and install:</p>
|
|
<div class="highlight-python"><pre>$ git clone git://github.com/ansible/ansible.git
|
|
$ cd ./ansible
|
|
$ make rpm
|
|
$ sudo rpm -Uvh ~/rpmbuild/RPMS/noarch/ansible-*.noarch.rpm</pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>Note that if you are tracking the upstream source (i.e. git), the RPM revision will not be
|
|
bumped with every source code change. To get around this, you can use
|
|
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">rpm</span> <span class="pre">-Uvh</span></tt> with <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">--force</span></tt> when RPM tells you the package is still at the
|
|
same version. This is perfectly safe to do.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="section" id="debian-gentoo-arch-others">
|
|
<h3>Debian, Gentoo, Arch, Others<a class="headerlink" href="#debian-gentoo-arch-others" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
|
|
<p>Gentoo eBuilds are available <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/uu/ubuilds">here</a></p>
|
|
<p>Debian package recipes can be built from the source checkout, run:</p>
|
|
<div class="highlight-python"><pre>make debian</pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>An Arch PKGBUILD is available on <a class="reference external" href="https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=58621">AUR</a>
|
|
If you have python3 installed on Arch, you probably want to symlink python to python2:</p>
|
|
<div class="highlight-python"><pre>sudo ln -sf /usr/bin/python2 /usr/bin/python</pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>If you would like to package Ansible for Homebrew, BSD, or others,
|
|
please stop by the mailing list and say hi!</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="section" id="tagged-releases">
|
|
<h3>Tagged Releases<a class="headerlink" href="#tagged-releases" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
|
|
<p>Tagged releases are available as tar.gz files from the Ansible github
|
|
project page:</p>
|
|
<ul class="simple">
|
|
<li><a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/ansible/ansible/downloads">Ansible/downloads</a></li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="section" id="choosing-between-paramiko-and-native-ssh">
|
|
<h2>Choosing Between Paramiko and Native SSH<a class="headerlink" href="#choosing-between-paramiko-and-native-ssh" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
|
|
<p>By default, ansible uses paramiko to talk to managed nodes over SSH. Paramiko is fast, works
|
|
very transparently, requires no configuration, and is a good choice for most users.
|
|
However, it does not support some advanced SSH features that folks will want to use.</p>
|
|
<p>Starting in version 0.5, if you want to leverage more advanced SSH features (such as Kerberized SSH or jump hosts),
|
|
pass the flag “–connection=ssh” to any ansible command, or set the
|
|
ANSIBLE_TRANSPORT environment variable to ‘ssh’. This will cause Ansible to use openssh
|
|
tools instead.</p>
|
|
<p>If ANSIBLE_SSH_ARGS are not set, ansible will try to use some sensible ControlMaster options
|
|
by default. You are free to override this environment variable, but should still pass ControlMaster
|
|
options to ensure performance of this transport. With ControlMaster in use, both transports
|
|
are roughly the same speed. Without CM, the binary ssh transport is signficantly slower.</p>
|
|
<p>If none of this makes sense to you, the default paramiko option is probably fine.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="section" id="your-first-commands">
|
|
<h2>Your first commands<a class="headerlink" href="#your-first-commands" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
|
|
<p>Now that you’ve installed Ansible, it’s time to test it.</p>
|
|
<p>Edit (or create) /etc/ansible/hosts and put one or more remote systems in it, for
|
|
which you have your SSH key in <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">authorized_keys</span></tt>:</p>
|
|
<div class="highlight-python"><pre>192.168.1.50
|
|
aserver.example.org
|
|
bserver.example.org</pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>Set up SSH agent to avoid retyping passwords:</p>
|
|
<div class="highlight-python"><pre>ssh-agent bash
|
|
ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_rsa</pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>(Depending on your setup, you may wish to ansible’s –private-key-file option to specify a pem file instead)</p>
|
|
<p>Now ping all your nodes:</p>
|
|
<div class="highlight-python"><pre>ansible all -m ping</pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>If you want to access machines remotely as a different user than root, you will want to
|
|
specify the ‘-u’ option to ansible. If you would like to access sudo mode, there are also flags to do that:</p>
|
|
<div class="highlight-python"><pre># as bruce
|
|
ansible all -m ping -u bruce
|
|
|
|
# as bruce, sudoing to root
|
|
ansible all -m ping -u bruce --sudo
|
|
|
|
# as bruce, sudoing to batman
|
|
ansible all -m ping -u bruce --sudo --sudo-user batman</pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>Now run a live command on all of your nodes:</p>
|
|
<div class="highlight-python"><pre>ansible all -a "/bin/echo hello"</pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>Congratulations. You’ve just contacted your nodes with Ansible. It’s
|
|
now time to read some of the more real-world <a class="reference internal" href="examples.html"><em>Command Line</em></a>, and explore
|
|
what you can do with different modules, as well as the Ansible
|
|
<a class="reference internal" href="playbooks.html"><em>Playbooks</em></a> language. Ansible is not just about running commands, it
|
|
also has powerful configuration management and deployment features. There’s more to
|
|
explore, but you already have a fully working infrastructure!</p>
|
|
<div class="admonition-see-also admonition seealso">
|
|
<p class="first admonition-title">See also</p>
|
|
<dl class="last docutils">
|
|
<dt><a class="reference internal" href="examples.html"><em>Command Line</em></a></dt>
|
|
<dd>Examples of basic commands</dd>
|
|
<dt><a class="reference internal" href="playbooks.html"><em>Playbooks</em></a></dt>
|
|
<dd>Learning ansible’s configuration management language</dd>
|
|
<dt><a class="reference external" href="http://groups.google.com/group/ansible-project">Mailing List</a></dt>
|
|
<dd>Questions? Help? Ideas? Stop by the list on Google Groups</dd>
|
|
<dt><a class="reference external" href="http://irc.freenode.net">irc.freenode.net</a></dt>
|
|
<dd>#ansible IRC chat channel</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<br/>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<footer class="footer">
|
|
|
|
<div class="container">
|
|
<div id="fb-root"></div>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<form action="https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr" method="post">
|
|
<input type="hidden" name="cmd" value="_donations">
|
|
<input type="hidden" name="business" value="michael.dehaan@gmail.com">
|
|
<input type="hidden" name="lc" value="US">
|
|
<input type="hidden" name="item_name" value="Ansible">
|
|
<input type="hidden" name="no_note" value="0">
|
|
<input type="hidden" name="currency_code" value="USD">
|
|
<input type="hidden" name="bn" value="PP-DonationsBF:btn_donate_LG.gif:NonHostedGuest">
|
|
<input type="image" src="https://www.paypalobjects.com/en_US/i/btn/btn_donate_LG.gif" border="0" name="submit" alt="PayPal - The safer, easier way to pay online!">
|
|
<img alt="" border="0" src="https://www.paypalobjects.com/en_US/i/scr/pixel.gif" width="1" height="1">
|
|
</form>
|
|
</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a href="https://twitter.com/share" class="twitter-share-button" data-text="ansible.github.com">Share On Twitter</a>
|
|
<script>!function(d,s,id){var js,fjs=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0];if(!d.getElementById(id)){js=d.createElement(s);js.id=id;js.src="//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js";fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js,fjs);}}(document,"script","twitter-wjs");</script>
|
|
<g:plusone annotation="inline"></g:plusone>
|
|
<div class="fb-like" data-href="http://ansible.github.com" data-send="true" data-width="450" data-show-faces="false"></div>
|
|
</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
© Copyright 2012 Michael DeHaan.<br/>
|
|
Last updated on Jul 31, 2012.<br/>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</footer>
|
|
</body>
|
|
</html> |