mirror of
https://github.com/ansible-collections/community.general.git
synced 2024-09-14 20:13:21 +02:00
313 lines
No EOL
15 KiB
HTML
313 lines
No EOL
15 KiB
HTML
|
|
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
|
|
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
|
|
|
|
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
|
|
<head>
|
|
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
|
|
|
|
<title>Command Line Examples — Ansible - SSH-Based Configuration Management & Deployment</title>
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="_static/default.css" type="text/css" />
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="_static/pygments.css" type="text/css" />
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="_static/bootstrap.css" type="text/css" />
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="_static/bootstrap-sphinx.css" type="text/css" />
|
|
<script type="text/javascript">
|
|
var DOCUMENTATION_OPTIONS = {
|
|
URL_ROOT: '',
|
|
VERSION: '0.01',
|
|
COLLAPSE_INDEX: false,
|
|
FILE_SUFFIX: '.html',
|
|
HAS_SOURCE: false
|
|
};
|
|
</script>
|
|
<script type="text/javascript" src="_static/jquery.js"></script>
|
|
<script type="text/javascript" src="_static/underscore.js"></script>
|
|
<script type="text/javascript" src="_static/doctools.js"></script>
|
|
<script type="text/javascript" src="_static/bootstrap-dropdown.js"></script>
|
|
<script type="text/javascript" src="_static/bootstrap-scrollspy.js"></script>
|
|
<link rel="top" title="Ansible - SSH-Based Configuration Management & Deployment" href="index.html" />
|
|
<link rel="next" title="Ansible Modules" href="modules.html" />
|
|
<link rel="prev" title="The Inventory File, Patterns, and Groups" href="patterns.html" />
|
|
<script type="text/javascript">
|
|
(function () {
|
|
/**
|
|
* Patch TOC list.
|
|
*
|
|
* Will mutate the underlying span to have a correct ul for nav.
|
|
*
|
|
* @param $span: Span containing nested UL's to mutate.
|
|
* @param minLevel: Starting level for nested lists. (1: global, 2: local).
|
|
*/
|
|
var patchToc = function ($span, minLevel) {
|
|
var $tocList = $("<ul/>").attr('class', "dropdown-menu"),
|
|
findA;
|
|
|
|
// Find all a "internal" tags, traversing recursively.
|
|
findA = function ($elem, level) {
|
|
var level = level || 0,
|
|
$items = $elem.find("> li > a.internal, > ul, > li > ul");
|
|
|
|
// Iterate everything in order.
|
|
$items.each(function (index, item) {
|
|
var $item = $(item),
|
|
tag = item.tagName.toLowerCase(),
|
|
pad = 10 + ((level - minLevel) * 10);
|
|
|
|
if (tag === 'a' && level >= minLevel) {
|
|
// Add to existing padding.
|
|
$item.css('padding-left', pad + "px");
|
|
// Add list element.
|
|
$tocList.append($("<li/>").append($item));
|
|
} else if (tag === 'ul') {
|
|
// Recurse.
|
|
findA($item, level + 1);
|
|
}
|
|
});
|
|
};
|
|
|
|
// Start construction and return.
|
|
findA($span);
|
|
|
|
// Wipe out old list and patch in new one.
|
|
return $span.empty("ul").append($tocList);
|
|
};
|
|
|
|
$(document).ready(function () {
|
|
// Patch the global and local TOC's to be bootstrap-compliant.
|
|
patchToc($("span.globaltoc"), 1);
|
|
patchToc($("span.localtoc"), 2);
|
|
|
|
// Activate.
|
|
$('#topbar').dropdown();
|
|
});
|
|
}());
|
|
</script>
|
|
<script type="text/javascript">
|
|
|
|
var _gaq = _gaq || [];
|
|
_gaq.push(['_setAccount', 'UA-29861888-1']);
|
|
_gaq.push(['_trackPageview']);
|
|
|
|
(function() {
|
|
var ga = document.createElement('script'); ga.type =
|
|
'text/javascript'; ga.async = true;
|
|
ga.src = ('https:' == document.location.protocol ? 'https://ssl' :
|
|
'http://www') + '.google-analytics.com/ga.js';
|
|
var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0];
|
|
s.parentNode.insertBefore(ga, s);
|
|
})();
|
|
|
|
</script>
|
|
|
|
</head>
|
|
<body>
|
|
<div class="topbar" data-scrollspy="scrollspy" >
|
|
<div class="topbar-inner">
|
|
<div class="container">
|
|
<a class="brand" href="index.html">Ansible</a>
|
|
<ul class="nav">
|
|
|
|
<li class="dropdown" data-dropdown="dropdown">
|
|
<a href="index.html"
|
|
class="dropdown-toggle">Chapter</a>
|
|
<span class="globaltoc"><ul class="current">
|
|
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="gettingstarted.html">Downloads & Getting Started</a></li>
|
|
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="patterns.html">The Inventory File, Patterns, and Groups</a></li>
|
|
<li class="toctree-l1 current"><a class="current reference internal" href="">Command Line Examples</a></li>
|
|
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="modules.html">Ansible Modules</a></li>
|
|
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="YAMLSyntax.html">YAML Syntax</a></li>
|
|
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="playbooks.html">Playbooks</a></li>
|
|
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="api.html">API & Integrations</a></li>
|
|
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="moduledev.html">Module Development Guide</a></li>
|
|
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="faq.html">Frequently Asked Questions</a></li>
|
|
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="man.html">Man Pages</a></li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li class="dropdown" data-dropdown="dropdown">
|
|
<a href="#"
|
|
class="dropdown-toggle">Page</a>
|
|
<span class="localtoc"><ul>
|
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">Command Line Examples</a><ul>
|
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#parallelism-and-shell-commands">Parallelism and Shell Commands</a></li>
|
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#file-transfer-templating">File Transfer & Templating</a></li>
|
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#managing-packages">Managing Packages</a></li>
|
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#deploying-from-source-control">Deploying From Source Control</a></li>
|
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#managing-services">Managing Services</a></li>
|
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#time-limited-background-operations">Time Limited Background Operations</a></li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</span>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
<ul class="nav secondary-nav">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<form class="pull-left" action="search.html" method="get">
|
|
<input type="text" name="q" placeholder="Search" />
|
|
<input type="hidden" name="check_keywords" value="yes" />
|
|
<input type="hidden" name="area" value="default" />
|
|
</form>
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div class="container">
|
|
|
|
<div class="section" id="command-line-examples">
|
|
<h1>Command Line Examples<a class="headerlink" href="#command-line-examples" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
|
|
<p>The following examples show how to use <cite>/usr/bin/ansible</cite> for running ad-hoc tasks.
|
|
Start here. For configuration management and deployments, you’ll want to pick up on
|
|
using <cite>/usr/bin/ansible-playbook</cite> – the concepts port over directly.</p>
|
|
<div class="section" id="parallelism-and-shell-commands">
|
|
<h2>Parallelism and Shell Commands<a class="headerlink" href="#parallelism-and-shell-commands" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
|
|
<p>Let’s use ansible’s command line tool to reboot all web servers in Atlanta, 10 at a time:</p>
|
|
<div class="highlight-python"><pre>ssh-agent bash
|
|
ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
|
|
|
|
ansible atlanta -a "/sbin/reboot" -f 10</pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>The -f 10 specifies the usage of 10 simultaneous processes.</p>
|
|
<div class="admonition note">
|
|
<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
|
|
<p class="last">Note that other than the <a class="reference internal" href="modules.html#command"><em>command</em></a> module, ansible modules do
|
|
not work like simple scripts. They make the remote system look like
|
|
you state, and run the commands necessary to get it there. This
|
|
is commonly referred to as ‘idempotent’.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="section" id="file-transfer-templating">
|
|
<h2>File Transfer & Templating<a class="headerlink" href="#file-transfer-templating" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
|
|
<p>Ansible can SCP lots of files to multiple machines in parallel, and
|
|
optionally use them as template sources.</p>
|
|
<p>To just transfer a file directly to many different servers:</p>
|
|
<div class="highlight-python"><pre>ansible atlanta -m copy -a "/etc/hosts /tmp/hosts"</pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>To use templating, first run the setup module to put the template
|
|
variables you would like to use on the remote host. Then use the
|
|
template module to write the files using those templates.</p>
|
|
<p>Templates are written in Jinja2 format. Playbooks (covered elsewhere in the
|
|
documentation) will run the setup module for you, making this even
|
|
simpler:</p>
|
|
<div class="highlight-python"><pre>ansible webservers -m setup -a "favcolor=red ntp_server=192.168.1.1"
|
|
ansible webservers -m template -a "src=/srv/motd.j2 dest=/etc/motd"
|
|
ansible webservers -m template -a "src=/srv/ntp.j2 dest=/etc/ntp.conf"</pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>Ansible variables are used in templates by using the name surrounded by double
|
|
curly-braces. If facter or ohai were installed on the remote machine, variables
|
|
from those programs can be accessed too, which the appropriate prefix:</p>
|
|
<div class="highlight-python"><pre>This is an Ansible variable: {{ favcolor }}
|
|
This is a facter variable: {{ facter_hostname }}
|
|
This is an ohai variable: {{ ohai_foo }}</pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>The <cite>file</cite> module allows changing ownership and permissions on files. These
|
|
same options can be passed directly to the <cite>copy</cite> or <cite>template</cite> modules as well:</p>
|
|
<div class="highlight-python"><pre>ansible webservers -m file -a "dest=/srv/foo/a.txt mode=600"
|
|
ansible webservers -m file -a "dest=/srv/foo/b.txt mode=600 owner=mdehaan group=mdehaan"</pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>The <cite>file</cite> module can also create directories, similar to <cite>mkdir -p</cite>:</p>
|
|
<div class="highlight-python"><pre>ansible webservers -m file -a "dest=/path/to/c mode=644 owner=mdehaan group=mdehaan state=directory"</pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>As well as delete directories (recursively) and delete files:</p>
|
|
<div class="highlight-python"><pre>ansible webservers -m file -a "dest=/path/to/c state=absent"</pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>The mode, owner, and group flags can also be used on the copy or template lines.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="section" id="managing-packages">
|
|
<h2>Managing Packages<a class="headerlink" href="#managing-packages" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
|
|
<p>Ensure a package is installed, but don’t update it:</p>
|
|
<div class="highlight-python"><pre>ansible webservers -m yum -a "pkg=acme state=installed"</pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>Ensure a package is installed to a specific version:</p>
|
|
<div class="highlight-python"><pre>ansible-webservers -m yum -a "pkg=acme-1.5 state=installed"</pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>Ensure a package is at the latest version:</p>
|
|
<div class="highlight-python"><pre>ansible webservers -m yum -a "pkg=acme state=latest"</pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>Ensure a package is not installed:</p>
|
|
<div class="highlight-python"><pre>ansible-webservers -m yum -a "pkg=acme state=removed"</pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>Currently Ansible only has a module for managing packages with yum. You can install
|
|
for other package manages using the command module or contribute a module
|
|
for other package managers. Stop by the mailing list for info/details.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="section" id="deploying-from-source-control">
|
|
<h2>Deploying From Source Control<a class="headerlink" href="#deploying-from-source-control" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
|
|
<p>Deploy your webapp straight from git:</p>
|
|
<div class="highlight-python"><pre>ansible webservers -m git -a "repo=git://foo dest=/srv/myapp version=HEAD"</pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>Since ansible modules can notify change handlers (see
|
|
<a class="reference internal" href="playbooks.html"><em>Playbooks</em></a>) it is possible to tell ansible to run specific tasks
|
|
when the code is updated, such as deploying Perl/Python/PHP/Ruby
|
|
directly from git and then restarting apache.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="section" id="managing-services">
|
|
<h2>Managing Services<a class="headerlink" href="#managing-services" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
|
|
<p>Ensure a service is started on all webservers:</p>
|
|
<div class="highlight-python"><pre>ansible webservers -m service -a "name=httpd state=started"</pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>Alternatively, restart a service on all webservers:</p>
|
|
<div class="highlight-python"><pre>ansible webservers -m service -a "name=httpd state=restarted"</pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>Ensure a service is stopped:</p>
|
|
<div class="highlight-python"><pre>ansible webservers -m service -a "name=httpd state=stopped"</pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="section" id="time-limited-background-operations">
|
|
<h2>Time Limited Background Operations<a class="headerlink" href="#time-limited-background-operations" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
|
|
<p>Long running operations can be backgrounded, and their status can be
|
|
checked on later. The same job ID is given to the same task on all
|
|
hosts, so you won’t lose track. If you kick hosts and don’t want
|
|
to poll, it looks like this:</p>
|
|
<div class="highlight-python"><pre>ansible all -B 3600 -a "/usr/bin/long_running_operation --do-stuff"</pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>If you do decide you want to check on the job status later, you can:</p>
|
|
<div class="highlight-python"><pre>ansible all -m async_status -a "jid=123456789"</pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>Polling is built-in and looks like this:</p>
|
|
<div class="highlight-python"><pre>ansible all -B 3600 -P 60 -a "/usr/bin/long_running_operation --do-stuff"</pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>The above example says “run for 60 minutes max (60*60=3600), poll for status every 60 seconds”.</p>
|
|
<p>Poll mode is smart so all jobs will be started before polling will begin on any machine.
|
|
Be sure to use a high enough <cite>–forks</cite> value if you want to get all of your jobs started
|
|
very quickly. After the time limit (in seconds) runs out (<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">-B</span></tt>), the process on
|
|
the remote nodes will be terminated.</p>
|
|
<p>Any module other than <a class="reference internal" href="modules.html#copy"><em>copy</em></a> or <a class="reference internal" href="modules.html#template"><em>template</em></a> can be
|
|
backgrounded. Typically you’ll be backgrounding long-running
|
|
shell commands or software upgrades only. ref:<cite>playbooks</cite> also support polling, and have
|
|
a simplified syntax for this.</p>
|
|
<div class="admonition-see-also admonition seealso">
|
|
<p class="first admonition-title">See also</p>
|
|
<dl class="last docutils">
|
|
<dt><a class="reference internal" href="modules.html"><em>Ansible Modules</em></a></dt>
|
|
<dd>A list of available modules</dd>
|
|
<dt><a class="reference internal" href="playbooks.html"><em>Playbooks</em></a></dt>
|
|
<dd>Using ansible for configuration management & deployment</dd>
|
|
<dt><a class="reference external" href="http://groups.google.com/group/ansible-project">Mailing List</a></dt>
|
|
<dd>Questions? Help? Ideas? Stop by the list on Google Groups</dd>
|
|
<dt><a class="reference external" href="http://irc.freenode.net">irc.freenode.net</a></dt>
|
|
<dd>#ansible IRC chat channel</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
<footer class="footer">
|
|
<div class="container">
|
|
<p class="pull-right"><a href="#">Back to top</a></p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
© Copyright 2012 Michael DeHaan.<br/>
|
|
Last updated on Mar 31, 2012.<br/>
|
|
Created using <a href="http://sphinx.pocoo.org/">Sphinx</a> 1.0.8.<br/>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</footer>
|
|
</body>
|
|
</html> |