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Updates to ontap_user

This commit is contained in:
Chris Archibald 2018-12-10 10:48:34 -08:00 committed by John R Barker
parent 77303d72ab
commit d897ff7bf2
2 changed files with 350 additions and 132 deletions

View file

@ -26,24 +26,24 @@ description:
- Create or destroy users. - Create or destroy users.
options: options:
state: state:
description: description:
- Whether the specified user should exist or not. - Whether the specified user should exist or not.
choices: ['present', 'absent'] choices: ['present', 'absent']
default: 'present' default: 'present'
name: name:
description: description:
- The name of the user to manage. - The name of the user to manage.
required: true required: true
applications:
application:
description: description:
- Application to grant access to. - List of application to grant access to.
required: true required: true
type: list
choices: ['console', 'http','ontapi','rsh','snmp','service-processor','sp','ssh','telnet'] choices: ['console', 'http','ontapi','rsh','snmp','service-processor','sp','ssh','telnet']
version_added: "2.8"
aliases:
- application
authentication_method: authentication_method:
description: description:
- Authentication method for the application. - Authentication method for the application.
@ -60,27 +60,22 @@ options:
- Password, publickey, domain, nsswitch for ssh application. - Password, publickey, domain, nsswitch for ssh application.
required: true required: true
choices: ['community', 'password', 'publickey', 'domain', 'nsswitch', 'usm'] choices: ['community', 'password', 'publickey', 'domain', 'nsswitch', 'usm']
set_password: set_password:
description: description:
- Password for the user account. - Password for the user account.
- It is ignored for creating snmp users, but is required for creating non-snmp users. - It is ignored for creating snmp users, but is required for creating non-snmp users.
- For an existing user, this value will be used as the new password. - For an existing user, this value will be used as the new password.
role_name: role_name:
description: description:
- The name of the role. Required when C(state=present) - The name of the role. Required when C(state=present)
lock_user: lock_user:
description: description:
- Whether the specified user account is locked. - Whether the specified user account is locked.
type: bool type: bool
vserver: vserver:
description: description:
- The name of the vserver to use. - The name of the vserver to use.
required: true required: true
''' '''
EXAMPLES = """ EXAMPLES = """
@ -89,7 +84,7 @@ EXAMPLES = """
na_ontap_user: na_ontap_user:
state: present state: present
name: SampleUser name: SampleUser
application: ssh applications: ssh,console
authentication_method: password authentication_method: password
set_password: apn1242183u1298u41 set_password: apn1242183u1298u41
lock_user: True lock_user: True
@ -99,6 +94,17 @@ EXAMPLES = """
username: "{{ netapp_username }}" username: "{{ netapp_username }}"
password: "{{ netapp_password }}" password: "{{ netapp_password }}"
- name: Delete User
na_ontap_user:
state: absent
name: SampleUser
applications: ssh
authentication_method: password
vserver: ansibleVServer
hostname: "{{ netapp_hostname }}"
username: "{{ netapp_username }}"
password: "{{ netapp_password }}"
""" """
RETURN = """ RETURN = """
@ -109,7 +115,7 @@ import traceback
from ansible.module_utils.basic import AnsibleModule from ansible.module_utils.basic import AnsibleModule
from ansible.module_utils._text import to_native from ansible.module_utils._text import to_native
import ansible.module_utils.netapp as netapp_utils import ansible.module_utils.netapp as netapp_utils
from ansible.module_utils.netapp_module import NetAppModule
HAS_NETAPP_LIB = netapp_utils.has_netapp_lib() HAS_NETAPP_LIB = netapp_utils.has_netapp_lib()
@ -125,14 +131,14 @@ class NetAppOntapUser(object):
state=dict(required=False, choices=['present', 'absent'], default='present'), state=dict(required=False, choices=['present', 'absent'], default='present'),
name=dict(required=True, type='str'), name=dict(required=True, type='str'),
application=dict(required=True, type='str', choices=[ applications=dict(required=True, type='list', aliases=['application'],
'console', 'http', 'ontapi', 'rsh', choices=['console', 'http', 'ontapi', 'rsh', 'snmp',
'snmp', 'sp', 'service-processor', 'ssh', 'telnet']), 'sp', 'service-processor', 'ssh', 'telnet'],),
authentication_method=dict(required=True, type='str', authentication_method=dict(required=True, type='str',
choices=['community', 'password', choices=['community', 'password',
'publickey', 'domain', 'publickey', 'domain',
'nsswitch', 'usm']), 'nsswitch', 'usm']),
set_password=dict(required=False, type='str'), set_password=dict(required=False, type='str', no_log=True),
role_name=dict(required=False, type='str'), role_name=dict(required=False, type='str'),
lock_user=dict(required=False, type='bool'), lock_user=dict(required=False, type='bool'),
vserver=dict(required=True, type='str'), vserver=dict(required=True, type='str'),
@ -146,44 +152,33 @@ class NetAppOntapUser(object):
supports_check_mode=True supports_check_mode=True
) )
parameters = self.module.params self.na_helper = NetAppModule()
self.parameters = self.na_helper.set_parameters(self.module.params)
# set up state variables
self.state = parameters['state']
self.name = parameters['name']
self.application = parameters['application']
self.authentication_method = parameters['authentication_method']
self.set_password = parameters['set_password']
self.role_name = parameters['role_name']
self.lock_user = parameters['lock_user']
self.vserver = parameters['vserver']
if HAS_NETAPP_LIB is False: if HAS_NETAPP_LIB is False:
self.module.fail_json(msg="the python NetApp-Lib module is required") self.module.fail_json(msg="the python NetApp-Lib module is required")
else: else:
self.server = netapp_utils.setup_na_ontap_zapi(module=self.module, vserver=self.vserver) self.server = netapp_utils.setup_na_ontap_zapi(module=self.module, vserver=self.parameters['vserver'])
def get_user(self): def get_user(self, application=None):
""" """
Checks if the user exists. Checks if the user exists.
:param: application: application to grant access to
:return: :return:
True if user found True if user found
False if user is not found False if user is not found
:rtype: bool :rtype: bool
""" """
security_login_get_iter = netapp_utils.zapi.NaElement('security-login-get-iter') security_login_get_iter = netapp_utils.zapi.NaElement('security-login-get-iter')
query_details = netapp_utils.zapi.NaElement.create_node_with_children( query_details = netapp_utils.zapi.NaElement.create_node_with_children(
'security-login-account-info', **{'vserver': self.vserver, 'security-login-account-info', **{'vserver': self.parameters['vserver'],
'user-name': self.name, 'user-name': self.parameters['name'],
'application': self.application, 'authentication-method': self.parameters['authentication_method']})
'authentication-method': if application is not None:
self.authentication_method}) query_details.add_new_child('application', application)
query = netapp_utils.zapi.NaElement('query') query = netapp_utils.zapi.NaElement('query')
query.add_child_elem(query_details) query.add_child_elem(query_details)
security_login_get_iter.add_child_elem(query) security_login_get_iter.add_child_elem(query)
return_value = None
try: try:
result = self.server.invoke_successfully(security_login_get_iter, result = self.server.invoke_successfully(security_login_get_iter,
enable_tunneling=False) enable_tunneling=False)
@ -192,9 +187,10 @@ class NetAppOntapUser(object):
interface_attributes = result.get_child_by_name('attributes-list').\ interface_attributes = result.get_child_by_name('attributes-list').\
get_child_by_name('security-login-account-info') get_child_by_name('security-login-account-info')
return_value = { return_value = {
'is_locked': interface_attributes.get_child_content('is-locked') 'lock_user': interface_attributes.get_child_content('is-locked')
} }
return return_value return return_value
return None
except netapp_utils.zapi.NaApiError as error: except netapp_utils.zapi.NaApiError as error:
# Error 16034 denotes a user not being found. # Error 16034 denotes a user not being found.
if to_native(error.code) == "16034": if to_native(error.code) == "16034":
@ -203,55 +199,28 @@ class NetAppOntapUser(object):
elif to_native(error.code) == "16043": elif to_native(error.code) == "16043":
return False return False
else: else:
self.module.fail_json(msg='Error getting user %s: %s' % (self.name, to_native(error)), self.module.fail_json(msg='Error getting user %s: %s' % (self.parameters['name'], to_native(error)),
exception=traceback.format_exc()) exception=traceback.format_exc())
def get_user_lock_info(self): def create_user(self, application):
""" """
gets details of the user. creates the user for the given application and authentication_method
:param: application: application to grant access to
""" """
security_login_get_iter = netapp_utils.zapi.NaElement('security-login-get-iter')
query_details = netapp_utils.zapi.NaElement.create_node_with_children(
'security-login-account-info', **{'vserver': self.vserver,
'user-name': self.name,
'application': self.application,
# 'role-name': self.role_name,
'authentication-method':
self.authentication_method})
query = netapp_utils.zapi.NaElement('query')
query.add_child_elem(query_details)
security_login_get_iter.add_child_elem(query)
result = self.server.invoke_successfully(security_login_get_iter, True)
return_value = None
if result.get_child_by_name('num-records') and \
int(result.get_child_content('num-records')) == 1:
interface_attributes = result.get_child_by_name('attributes-list').\
get_child_by_name('security-login-account-info')
return_value = {
'is_locked': interface_attributes.get_child_content('is-locked')
}
return return_value
def create_user(self):
user_create = netapp_utils.zapi.NaElement.create_node_with_children( user_create = netapp_utils.zapi.NaElement.create_node_with_children(
'security-login-create', **{'vserver': self.vserver, 'security-login-create', **{'vserver': self.parameters['vserver'],
'user-name': self.name, 'user-name': self.parameters['name'],
'application': self.application, 'application': application,
'authentication-method': 'authentication-method': self.parameters['authentication_method'],
self.authentication_method, 'role-name': self.parameters.get('role_name')})
'role-name': self.role_name}) if self.parameters.get('set_password') is not None:
if self.set_password is not None: user_create.add_new_child('password', self.parameters.get('set_password'))
user_create.add_new_child('password', self.set_password)
try: try:
self.server.invoke_successfully(user_create, self.server.invoke_successfully(user_create,
enable_tunneling=False) enable_tunneling=False)
except netapp_utils.zapi.NaApiError as error: except netapp_utils.zapi.NaApiError as error:
self.module.fail_json(msg='Error creating user %s: %s' % (self.name, to_native(error)), self.module.fail_json(msg='Error creating user %s: %s' % (self.parameters['name'], to_native(error)),
exception=traceback.format_exc()) exception=traceback.format_exc())
def lock_given_user(self): def lock_given_user(self):
@ -264,14 +233,14 @@ class NetAppOntapUser(object):
:rtype: bool :rtype: bool
""" """
user_lock = netapp_utils.zapi.NaElement.create_node_with_children( user_lock = netapp_utils.zapi.NaElement.create_node_with_children(
'security-login-lock', **{'vserver': self.vserver, 'security-login-lock', **{'vserver': self.parameters['vserver'],
'user-name': self.name}) 'user-name': self.parameters['name']})
try: try:
self.server.invoke_successfully(user_lock, self.server.invoke_successfully(user_lock,
enable_tunneling=False) enable_tunneling=False)
except netapp_utils.zapi.NaApiError as error: except netapp_utils.zapi.NaApiError as error:
self.module.fail_json(msg='Error locking user %s: %s' % (self.name, to_native(error)), self.module.fail_json(msg='Error locking user %s: %s' % (self.parameters['name'], to_native(error)),
exception=traceback.format_exc()) exception=traceback.format_exc())
def unlock_given_user(self): def unlock_given_user(self):
@ -284,8 +253,8 @@ class NetAppOntapUser(object):
:rtype: bool :rtype: bool
""" """
user_unlock = netapp_utils.zapi.NaElement.create_node_with_children( user_unlock = netapp_utils.zapi.NaElement.create_node_with_children(
'security-login-unlock', **{'vserver': self.vserver, 'security-login-unlock', **{'vserver': self.parameters['vserver'],
'user-name': self.name}) 'user-name': self.parameters['name']})
try: try:
self.server.invoke_successfully(user_unlock, self.server.invoke_successfully(user_unlock,
@ -294,23 +263,26 @@ class NetAppOntapUser(object):
if to_native(error.code) == '13114': if to_native(error.code) == '13114':
return False return False
else: else:
self.module.fail_json(msg='Error unlocking user %s: %s' % (self.name, to_native(error)), self.module.fail_json(msg='Error unlocking user %s: %s' % (self.parameters['name'], to_native(error)),
exception=traceback.format_exc()) exception=traceback.format_exc())
return True return True
def delete_user(self): def delete_user(self, application):
"""
deletes the user for the given application and authentication_method
:param: application: application to grant access to
"""
user_delete = netapp_utils.zapi.NaElement.create_node_with_children( user_delete = netapp_utils.zapi.NaElement.create_node_with_children(
'security-login-delete', **{'vserver': self.vserver, 'security-login-delete', **{'vserver': self.parameters['vserver'],
'user-name': self.name, 'user-name': self.parameters['name'],
'application': self.application, 'application': application,
'authentication-method': 'authentication-method': self.parameters['authentication_method']})
self.authentication_method})
try: try:
self.server.invoke_successfully(user_delete, self.server.invoke_successfully(user_delete,
enable_tunneling=False) enable_tunneling=False)
except netapp_utils.zapi.NaApiError as error: except netapp_utils.zapi.NaApiError as error:
self.module.fail_json(msg='Error removing user %s: %s' % (self.name, to_native(error)), self.module.fail_json(msg='Error removing user %s: %s' % (self.parameters['name'], to_native(error)),
exception=traceback.format_exc()) exception=traceback.format_exc())
def change_password(self): def change_password(self):
@ -322,11 +294,11 @@ class NetAppOntapUser(object):
False if password is not updated False if password is not updated
:rtype: bool :rtype: bool
""" """
self.server.set_vserver(self.vserver) # self.server.set_vserver(self.parameters['vserver'])
modify_password = netapp_utils.zapi.NaElement.create_node_with_children( modify_password = netapp_utils.zapi.NaElement.create_node_with_children(
'security-login-modify-password', **{ 'security-login-modify-password', **{
'new-password': str(self.set_password), 'new-password': str(self.parameters.get('set_password')),
'user-name': self.name}) 'user-name': self.parameters['name']})
try: try:
self.server.invoke_successfully(modify_password, self.server.invoke_successfully(modify_password,
enable_tunneling=True) enable_tunneling=True)
@ -334,55 +306,46 @@ class NetAppOntapUser(object):
if to_native(error.code) == '13114': if to_native(error.code) == '13114':
return False return False
else: else:
self.module.fail_json(msg='Error setting password for user %s: %s' % (self.name, to_native(error)), self.module.fail_json(msg='Error setting password for user %s: %s' % (self.parameters['name'], to_native(error)),
exception=traceback.format_exc()) exception=traceback.format_exc())
self.server.set_vserver(None) self.server.set_vserver(None)
return True return True
def apply(self): def apply(self):
property_changed = False create_delete_decision = {}
password_changed = False modify = {}
lock_user_changed = False
netapp_utils.ems_log_event("na_ontap_user", self.server) netapp_utils.ems_log_event("na_ontap_user", self.server)
user_exists = self.get_user() for application in self.parameters['applications']:
current = self.get_user(application)
cd_action = self.na_helper.get_cd_action(current, self.parameters)
if cd_action is not None:
create_delete_decision[application] = cd_action
if not create_delete_decision and self.parameters.get('state') == 'present':
if self.parameters.get('set_password') is not None:
self.na_helper.changed = True
current = self.get_user()
current['lock_user'] = self.na_helper.get_value_for_bool(True, current['lock_user'])
modify = self.na_helper.get_modified_attributes(current, self.parameters)
if user_exists: if self.na_helper.changed:
if self.state == 'absent':
property_changed = True
elif self.state == 'present':
if self.set_password is not None:
password_changed = True
if self.lock_user is not None:
if self.lock_user is True and user_exists['is_locked'] != 'true':
lock_user_changed = True
elif self.lock_user is False and user_exists['is_locked'] != 'false':
lock_user_changed = True
else:
if self.state == 'present':
# Check if anything needs to be updated
property_changed = True
changed = property_changed or password_changed or lock_user_changed
if changed:
if self.module.check_mode: if self.module.check_mode:
pass pass
else: else:
if self.state == 'present': if create_delete_decision:
if not user_exists: for cd_action in create_delete_decision:
self.create_user() if create_delete_decision[cd_action] == 'create':
else: self.create_user(cd_action)
if password_changed: elif create_delete_decision[cd_action] == 'delete':
self.change_password() self.delete_user(cd_action)
if lock_user_changed: elif modify:
if self.lock_user: if self.parameters.get('lock_user'):
self.lock_given_user() self.lock_given_user()
else: else:
self.unlock_given_user() self.unlock_given_user()
elif self.state == 'absent': elif not create_delete_decision and self.parameters.get('set_password') is not None:
self.delete_user() self.change_password()
self.module.exit_json(changed=changed) self.module.exit_json(changed=self.na_helper.changed)
def main(): def main():

View file

@ -0,0 +1,255 @@
# (c) 2018, NetApp, Inc
# GNU General Public License v3.0+ (see COPYING or https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.txt)
''' unit tests ONTAP Ansible module: na_ontap_user '''
from __future__ import print_function
import json
import pytest
from units.compat import unittest
from units.compat.mock import patch
from ansible.module_utils import basic
from ansible.module_utils._text import to_bytes
import ansible.module_utils.netapp as netapp_utils
from ansible.modules.storage.netapp.na_ontap_user \
import NetAppOntapUser as my_module # module under test
if not netapp_utils.has_netapp_lib():
pytestmark = pytest.skip('skipping as missing required netapp_lib')
def set_module_args(args):
"""prepare arguments so that they will be picked up during module creation"""
args = json.dumps({'ANSIBLE_MODULE_ARGS': args})
basic._ANSIBLE_ARGS = to_bytes(args) # pylint: disable=protected-access
class AnsibleExitJson(Exception):
"""Exception class to be raised by module.exit_json and caught by the test case"""
pass
class AnsibleFailJson(Exception):
"""Exception class to be raised by module.fail_json and caught by the test case"""
pass
def exit_json(*args, **kwargs): # pylint: disable=unused-argument
"""function to patch over exit_json; package return data into an exception"""
if 'changed' not in kwargs:
kwargs['changed'] = False
raise AnsibleExitJson(kwargs)
def fail_json(*args, **kwargs): # pylint: disable=unused-argument
"""function to patch over fail_json; package return data into an exception"""
kwargs['failed'] = True
raise AnsibleFailJson(kwargs)
class MockONTAPConnection(object):
''' mock server connection to ONTAP host '''
def __init__(self, kind=None, parm1=None):
''' save arguments '''
self.type = kind
self.parm1 = parm1
self.xml_in = None
self.xml_out = None
def invoke_successfully(self, xml, enable_tunneling): # pylint: disable=unused-argument
''' mock invoke_successfully returning xml data '''
self.xml_in = xml
if self.type == 'user':
xml = self.build_user_info(self.parm1)
self.xml_out = xml
return xml
@staticmethod
def set_vserver(vserver):
'''mock set vserver'''
pass
@staticmethod
def build_user_info(locked):
''' build xml data for user-info '''
xml = netapp_utils.zapi.NaElement('xml')
data = {'num-records': 1,
'attributes-list': {'security-login-account-info': {'is-locked': locked}}}
xml.translate_struct(data)
print(xml.to_string())
return xml
class TestMyModule(unittest.TestCase):
''' a group of related Unit Tests '''
def setUp(self):
self.mock_module_helper = patch.multiple(basic.AnsibleModule,
exit_json=exit_json,
fail_json=fail_json)
self.mock_module_helper.start()
self.addCleanup(self.mock_module_helper.stop)
self.server = MockONTAPConnection()
self.use_vsim = False
def set_default_args(self):
if self.use_vsim:
hostname = '10.193.77.154'
username = 'admin'
password = 'netapp1!'
user_name = 'test'
vserver = 'ansible_test'
application = 'console'
authentication_method = 'password'
else:
hostname = 'hostname'
username = 'username'
password = 'password'
user_name = 'name'
vserver = 'vserver'
application = 'console'
authentication_method = 'password'
return dict({
'hostname': hostname,
'username': username,
'password': password,
'name': user_name,
'vserver': vserver,
'applications': application,
'authentication_method': authentication_method
})
def test_module_fail_when_required_args_missing(self):
''' required arguments are reported as errors '''
with pytest.raises(AnsibleFailJson) as exc:
set_module_args({})
my_module()
print('Info: %s' % exc.value.args[0]['msg'])
def test_ensure_user_get_called(self):
''' a more interesting test '''
module_args = {}
module_args.update(self.set_default_args())
module_args.update({'role_name': 'test'})
set_module_args(module_args)
my_obj = my_module()
my_obj.server = self.server
user_info = my_obj.get_user()
print('Info: test_user_get: %s' % repr(user_info))
assert user_info is None
def test_ensure_user_apply_called(self):
''' creating user and checking idempotency '''
module_args = {}
module_args.update(self.set_default_args())
module_args.update({'name': 'create'})
module_args.update({'role_name': 'test'})
set_module_args(module_args)
my_obj = my_module()
if not self.use_vsim:
my_obj.server = self.server
with pytest.raises(AnsibleExitJson) as exc:
my_obj.apply()
print('Info: test_user_apply: %s' % repr(exc.value))
assert exc.value.args[0]['changed']
if not self.use_vsim:
my_obj.server = MockONTAPConnection('user', 'false')
with pytest.raises(AnsibleExitJson) as exc:
my_obj.apply()
print('Info: test_user_apply: %s' % repr(exc.value))
assert exc.value.args[0]['changed']
def test_ensure_user_apply_for_delete_called(self):
''' deleting user and checking idempotency '''
module_args = {}
module_args.update(self.set_default_args())
module_args.update({'name': 'create'})
module_args.update({'role_name': 'test'})
set_module_args(module_args)
my_obj = my_module()
if not self.use_vsim:
my_obj.server = MockONTAPConnection('user', 'false')
with pytest.raises(AnsibleExitJson) as exc:
my_obj.apply()
print('Info: test_user_apply: %s' % repr(exc.value))
assert not exc.value.args[0]['changed']
module_args.update({'state': 'absent'})
set_module_args(module_args)
my_obj = my_module()
if not self.use_vsim:
my_obj.server = MockONTAPConnection('user', 'false')
with pytest.raises(AnsibleExitJson) as exc:
my_obj.apply()
print('Info: test_user_delete: %s' % repr(exc.value))
assert exc.value.args[0]['changed']
def test_ensure_user_lock_called(self):
''' changing user_lock to True and checking idempotency'''
module_args = {}
module_args.update(self.set_default_args())
module_args.update({'name': 'create'})
module_args.update({'role_name': 'test'})
module_args.update({'lock_user': 'false'})
set_module_args(module_args)
my_obj = my_module()
if not self.use_vsim:
my_obj.server = MockONTAPConnection('user', 'false')
with pytest.raises(AnsibleExitJson) as exc:
my_obj.apply()
print('Info: test_user_apply: %s' % repr(exc.value))
assert not exc.value.args[0]['changed']
module_args.update({'lock_user': 'true'})
set_module_args(module_args)
my_obj = my_module()
if not self.use_vsim:
my_obj.server = MockONTAPConnection('user', 'false')
with pytest.raises(AnsibleExitJson) as exc:
my_obj.apply()
print('Info: test_user_lock: %s' % repr(exc.value))
assert exc.value.args[0]['changed']
def test_ensure_user_unlock_called(self):
''' changing user_lock to False and checking idempotency'''
module_args = {}
module_args.update(self.set_default_args())
module_args.update({'name': 'create'})
module_args.update({'role_name': 'test'})
module_args.update({'lock_user': 'true'})
set_module_args(module_args)
my_obj = my_module()
if not self.use_vsim:
my_obj.server = MockONTAPConnection('user', 'true')
with pytest.raises(AnsibleExitJson) as exc:
my_obj.apply()
print('Info: test_user_apply: %s' % repr(exc.value))
assert not exc.value.args[0]['changed']
module_args.update({'lock_user': 'false'})
set_module_args(module_args)
my_obj = my_module()
if not self.use_vsim:
my_obj.server = MockONTAPConnection('user', 'true')
with pytest.raises(AnsibleExitJson) as exc:
my_obj.apply()
print('Info: test_user_unlock: %s' % repr(exc.value))
assert exc.value.args[0]['changed']
def test_ensure_user_set_password_called(self):
''' set password '''
module_args = {}
module_args.update(self.set_default_args())
module_args.update({'name': 'create'})
module_args.update({'role_name': 'test'})
module_args.update({'set_password': '123456'})
set_module_args(module_args)
my_obj = my_module()
if not self.use_vsim:
my_obj.server = MockONTAPConnection('user', 'true')
with pytest.raises(AnsibleExitJson) as exc:
my_obj.apply()
print('Info: test_user_apply: %s' % repr(exc.value))
assert exc.value.args[0]['changed']