diff --git a/lib/ansible/modules/network/netscaler/netscaler_cs_action.py b/lib/ansible/modules/network/netscaler/netscaler_cs_action.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f02ff4c239
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/ansible/modules/network/netscaler/netscaler_cs_action.py
@@ -0,0 +1,302 @@
+#!/usr/bin/python
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+#  Copyright (c) 2017 Citrix Systems
+#
+# This file is part of Ansible
+#
+# Ansible is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# Ansible is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with Ansible.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+
+
+ANSIBLE_METADATA = {'status': ['preview'],
+                    'supported_by': 'community',
+                    'metadata_version': '1.0'}
+
+
+DOCUMENTATION = '''
+---
+module: netscaler_cs_action
+short_description: Manage content switching actions
+description:
+    - Manage content switching actions
+    - This module is intended to run either on the ansible  control node or a bastion (jumpserver) with access to the actual netscaler instance
+
+version_added: "2.4.0"
+
+author: George Nikolopoulos (@giorgos-nikolopoulos)
+
+options:
+
+    name:
+        description:
+            - >-
+                Name for the content switching action. Must begin with an ASCII alphanumeric or underscore C(_)
+                character, and must contain only ASCII alphanumeric, underscore C(_), hash C(#), period C(.), space C( ), colon
+                C(:), at sign C(@), equal sign C(=), and hyphen C(-) characters. Can be changed after the content
+                switching action is created.
+
+    targetlbvserver:
+        description:
+            - "Name of the load balancing virtual server to which the content is switched."
+
+    targetvserver:
+        description:
+            - "Name of the VPN virtual server to which the content is switched."
+
+    targetvserverexpr:
+        description:
+            - "Information about this content switching action."
+
+    comment:
+        description:
+            - "Comments associated with this cs action."
+
+extends_documentation_fragment: netscaler
+requirements:
+    - nitro python sdk
+'''
+
+EXAMPLES = '''
+# lb_vserver_1 must have been already created with the netscaler_lb_vserver module
+
+- name: Configure netscaler content switching action
+  delegate_to: localhost
+  netscaler_cs_action:
+      nsip: 172.18.0.2
+      nitro_user: nsroot
+      nitro_pass: nsroot
+      validate_certs: no
+
+      state: present
+
+      name: action-1
+      targetlbvserver: lb_vserver_1
+'''
+
+RETURN = '''
+loglines:
+    description: list of logged messages by the module
+    returned: always
+    type: list
+    sample: "['message 1', 'message 2']"
+
+msg:
+    description: Message detailing the failure reason
+    returned: failure
+    type: string
+    sample: "Action does not exist"
+
+diff:
+    description: List of differences between the actual configured object and the configuration specified in the module
+    returned: failure
+    type: dictionary
+    sample: "{ 'targetlbvserver': 'difference. ours: (str) server1 other: (str) server2' }"
+'''
+
+from ansible.module_utils.basic import AnsibleModule
+import json
+
+from ansible.module_utils.netscaler import (
+    ConfigProxy,
+    get_nitro_client,
+    netscaler_common_arguments,
+    log, loglines,
+    ensure_feature_is_enabled,
+    get_immutables_intersection
+)
+
+try:
+    from nssrc.com.citrix.netscaler.nitro.resource.config.cs.csaction import csaction
+    from nssrc.com.citrix.netscaler.nitro.exception.nitro_exception import nitro_exception
+    PYTHON_SDK_IMPORTED = True
+except ImportError as e:
+    PYTHON_SDK_IMPORTED = False
+
+
+def action_exists(client, module):
+    if csaction.count_filtered(client, 'name:%s' % module.params['name']) > 0:
+        return True
+    else:
+        return False
+
+
+def action_identical(client, module, csaction_proxy):
+    if len(diff_list(client, module, csaction_proxy)) == 0:
+        return True
+    else:
+        return False
+
+
+def diff_list(client, module, csaction_proxy):
+    action_list = csaction.get_filtered(client, 'name:%s' % module.params['name'])
+    diff_list = csaction_proxy.diff_object(action_list[0])
+    if False and 'targetvserverexpr' in diff_list:
+        json_value = json.loads(action_list[0].targetvserverexpr)
+        if json_value == module.params['targetvserverexpr']:
+            del diff_list['targetvserverexpr']
+    return diff_list
+
+
+def main():
+
+    module_specific_arguments = dict(
+
+        name=dict(type='str'),
+        targetlbvserver=dict(type='str'),
+        targetvserverexpr=dict(type='str'),
+        comment=dict(type='str'),
+    )
+
+    argument_spec = dict()
+
+    argument_spec.update(netscaler_common_arguments)
+
+    argument_spec.update(module_specific_arguments)
+
+    module = AnsibleModule(
+        argument_spec=argument_spec,
+        supports_check_mode=True,
+    )
+    module_result = dict(
+        changed=False,
+        failed=False,
+        loglines=loglines
+    )
+
+    # Fail the module if imports failed
+    if not PYTHON_SDK_IMPORTED:
+        module.fail_json(msg='Could not load nitro python sdk')
+
+    # Fallthrough to rest of execution
+    client = get_nitro_client(module)
+
+    try:
+        client.login()
+    except nitro_exception as e:
+        msg = "nitro exception during login. errorcode=%s, message=%s" % (str(e.errorcode), e.message)
+        module.fail_json(msg=msg)
+    except Exception as e:
+        if str(type(e)) == "<class 'requests.exceptions.ConnectionError'>":
+            module.fail_json(msg='Connection error %s' % str(e))
+        elif str(type(e)) == "<class 'requests.exceptions.SSLError'>":
+            module.fail_json(msg='SSL Error %s' % str(e))
+        else:
+            module.fail_json(msg='Unexpected error during login %s' % str(e))
+
+    readwrite_attrs = [
+        'name',
+        'targetlbvserver',
+        'targetvserverexpr',
+        'comment',
+    ]
+    readonly_attrs = [
+        'hits',
+        'referencecount',
+        'undefhits',
+        'builtin',
+    ]
+
+    immutable_attrs = [
+        'name',
+        'targetvserverexpr',
+    ]
+
+    transforms = {
+    }
+
+    json_encodes = ['targetvserverexpr']
+
+    # Instantiate config proxy
+    csaction_proxy = ConfigProxy(
+        actual=csaction(),
+        client=client,
+        attribute_values_dict=module.params,
+        readwrite_attrs=readwrite_attrs,
+        readonly_attrs=readonly_attrs,
+        immutable_attrs=immutable_attrs,
+        transforms=transforms,
+        json_encodes=json_encodes,
+    )
+
+    try:
+
+        ensure_feature_is_enabled(client, 'CS')
+        # Apply appropriate state
+        if module.params['state'] == 'present':
+            log('Applying actions for state present')
+            if not action_exists(client, module):
+                if not module.check_mode:
+                    csaction_proxy.add()
+                    if module.params['save_config']:
+                        client.save_config()
+                module_result['changed'] = True
+            elif not action_identical(client, module, csaction_proxy):
+
+                # Check if we try to change value of immutable attributes
+                immutables_changed = get_immutables_intersection(csaction_proxy, diff_list(client, module, csaction_proxy).keys())
+                if immutables_changed != []:
+                    module.fail_json(
+                        msg='Cannot update immutable attributes %s' % (immutables_changed,),
+                        diff=diff_list(client, module, csaction_proxy),
+                        **module_result
+                    )
+
+                if not module.check_mode:
+                    csaction_proxy.update()
+                    if module.params['save_config']:
+                        client.save_config()
+                module_result['changed'] = True
+            else:
+                module_result['changed'] = False
+
+            # Sanity check for state
+            log('Sanity checks for state present')
+            if not module.check_mode:
+                if not action_exists(client, module):
+                    module.fail_json(msg='Content switching action does not exist', **module_result)
+                if not action_identical(client, module, csaction_proxy):
+                    module.fail_json(
+                        msg='Content switching action differs from configured',
+                        diff=diff_list(client, module, csaction_proxy),
+                        **module_result
+                    )
+
+        elif module.params['state'] == 'absent':
+            log('Applying actions for state absent')
+            if action_exists(client, module):
+                if not module.check_mode:
+                    csaction_proxy.delete()
+                    if module.params['save_config']:
+                        client.save_config()
+                module_result['changed'] = True
+            else:
+                module_result['changed'] = False
+
+            # Sanity check for state
+            if not module.check_mode:
+                log('Sanity checks for state absent')
+                if action_exists(client, module):
+                    module.fail_json(msg='Content switching action still exists', **module_result)
+
+    except nitro_exception as e:
+        msg = "nitro exception errorcode=%s, message=%s" % (str(e.errorcode), e.message)
+        module.fail_json(msg=msg, **module_result)
+
+    client.logout()
+    module.exit_json(**module_result)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()
diff --git a/test/integration/roles/netscaler_cs_action/defaults/main.yaml b/test/integration/roles/netscaler_cs_action/defaults/main.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..641801f660
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/integration/roles/netscaler_cs_action/defaults/main.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+---
+testcase: "*"
+test_cases: []
+
+nitro_user: nsroot
+nitro_pass: nsroot
diff --git a/test/integration/roles/netscaler_cs_action/sample_inventory b/test/integration/roles/netscaler_cs_action/sample_inventory
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4263579691
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/integration/roles/netscaler_cs_action/sample_inventory
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+
+
+[netscaler]
+
+netscaler01 nsip=172.18.0.2 nitro_user=nsroot nitro_pass=nsroot
diff --git a/test/integration/roles/netscaler_cs_action/tasks/main.yaml b/test/integration/roles/netscaler_cs_action/tasks/main.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9a197e4d77
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/integration/roles/netscaler_cs_action/tasks/main.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+---
+- { include: testbed.yaml, state: present }
+
+- { include: nitro.yaml, tags: ['nitro'] }
+
+- { include: testbed.yaml, state: absent }
diff --git a/test/integration/roles/netscaler_cs_action/tasks/nitro.yaml b/test/integration/roles/netscaler_cs_action/tasks/nitro.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..00ab502dda
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/integration/roles/netscaler_cs_action/tasks/nitro.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+- name: collect all nitro test cases
+  find:
+    paths: "{{ role_path }}/tests/nitro"
+    patterns: "{{ testcase }}.yaml"
+  register: test_cases
+
+- name: set test_items
+  set_fact: test_items="{{ test_cases.files | map(attribute='path') | list }}"
+
+- name: run test case
+  include: "{{ test_case_to_run }}"
+  with_items: "{{ test_items }}"
+  loop_control:
+    loop_var: test_case_to_run
diff --git a/test/integration/roles/netscaler_cs_action/tasks/testbed.yaml b/test/integration/roles/netscaler_cs_action/tasks/testbed.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..08214ce7f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/integration/roles/netscaler_cs_action/tasks/testbed.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+---
+
+
+- name: Setup lb vserver
+  delegate_to: localhost
+  netscaler_lb_vserver:
+    nitro_user: "{{nitro_user}}"
+    nitro_pass: "{{nitro_pass}}"
+    nsip: "{{nsip}}"
+
+    state: "{{ state }}"
+    name: lb-vserver-1
+
+    ipv46: 10.79.1.4
+    port: 80
+    servicetype: ANY
diff --git a/test/integration/roles/netscaler_cs_action/tests/nitro/target_expression.yaml b/test/integration/roles/netscaler_cs_action/tests/nitro/target_expression.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9ae7fc99f2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/integration/roles/netscaler_cs_action/tests/nitro/target_expression.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+---
+
+- include: "{{ role_path }}/tests/nitro/target_expression/setup.yaml"
+  vars:
+    check_mode: yes
+
+- assert:
+    that: result|changed
+
+- include: "{{ role_path }}/tests/nitro/target_expression/setup.yaml"
+  vars:
+    check_mode: no
+
+- assert:
+    that: result|changed
+
+- include: "{{ role_path }}/tests/nitro/target_expression/setup.yaml"
+  vars:
+    check_mode: yes
+
+- assert:
+    that: not result|changed
+
+- include: "{{ role_path }}/tests/nitro/target_expression/setup.yaml"
+  vars:
+    check_mode: no
+
+- assert:
+    that: not result|changed
+
+- include: "{{ role_path }}/tests/nitro/target_expression/remove.yaml"
+  vars:
+    check_mode: yes
+
+- assert:
+    that: result|changed
+
+- include: "{{ role_path }}/tests/nitro/target_expression/remove.yaml"
+  vars:
+    check_mode: no
+
+- assert:
+    that: result|changed
+
+- include: "{{ role_path }}/tests/nitro/target_expression/remove.yaml"
+  vars:
+    check_mode: yes
+
+- assert:
+    that: not result|changed
+
+- include: "{{ role_path }}/tests/nitro/target_expression/remove.yaml"
+  vars:
+    check_mode: no
+
+- assert:
+    that: not result|changed
diff --git a/test/integration/roles/netscaler_cs_action/tests/nitro/target_expression/remove.yaml b/test/integration/roles/netscaler_cs_action/tests/nitro/target_expression/remove.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5a0f2072c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/integration/roles/netscaler_cs_action/tests/nitro/target_expression/remove.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+---
+
+- name: Setup cs action
+  delegate_to: localhost
+  register: result
+  check_mode: "{{ check_mode }}"
+  netscaler_cs_action:
+    nitro_user: "{{nitro_user}}"
+    nitro_pass: "{{nitro_pass}}"
+    nsip: "{{nsip}}"
+
+    state: absent
+    name: action-2
diff --git a/test/integration/roles/netscaler_cs_action/tests/nitro/target_expression/setup.yaml b/test/integration/roles/netscaler_cs_action/tests/nitro/target_expression/setup.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c42e0f9747
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/integration/roles/netscaler_cs_action/tests/nitro/target_expression/setup.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+---
+
+
+- name: Setup cs action
+  delegate_to: localhost
+  register: result
+  check_mode: "{{ check_mode }}"
+  netscaler_cs_action:
+    nitro_user: "{{nitro_user}}"
+    nitro_pass: "{{nitro_pass}}"
+    nsip: "{{nsip}}"
+
+    name: action-2
+    targetvserverexpr: '"mylb_" + HTTP.REQ.URL.SUFFIX'
diff --git a/test/integration/roles/netscaler_cs_action/tests/nitro/target_lb_vserver.yaml b/test/integration/roles/netscaler_cs_action/tests/nitro/target_lb_vserver.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..60be84126f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/integration/roles/netscaler_cs_action/tests/nitro/target_lb_vserver.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+---
+
+- include: "{{ role_path }}/tests/nitro/target_lb_vserver/setup.yaml"
+  vars:
+    check_mode: yes
+
+- assert:
+    that: result|changed
+
+- include: "{{ role_path }}/tests/nitro/target_lb_vserver/setup.yaml"
+  vars:
+    check_mode: no
+
+- assert:
+    that: result|changed
+
+- include: "{{ role_path }}/tests/nitro/target_lb_vserver/setup.yaml"
+  vars:
+    check_mode: yes
+
+- assert:
+    that: not result|changed
+
+- include: "{{ role_path }}/tests/nitro/target_lb_vserver/setup.yaml"
+  vars:
+    check_mode: no
+
+- assert:
+    that: not result|changed
+
+- include: "{{ role_path }}/tests/nitro/target_lb_vserver/update.yaml"
+  vars:
+    check_mode: yes
+
+- assert:
+    that: result|changed
+
+- include: "{{ role_path }}/tests/nitro/target_lb_vserver/update.yaml"
+  vars:
+    check_mode: no
+
+- assert:
+    that: result|changed
+
+- include: "{{ role_path }}/tests/nitro/target_lb_vserver/update.yaml"
+  vars:
+    check_mode: yes
+
+- assert:
+    that: not result|changed
+
+- include: "{{ role_path }}/tests/nitro/target_lb_vserver/update.yaml"
+  vars:
+    check_mode: no
+
+- assert:
+    that: not result|changed
+
+- include: "{{ role_path }}/tests/nitro/target_lb_vserver/remove.yaml"
+  vars:
+    check_mode: yes
+
+- assert:
+    that: result|changed
+
+- include: "{{ role_path }}/tests/nitro/target_lb_vserver/remove.yaml"
+  vars:
+    check_mode: no
+
+- assert:
+    that: result|changed
+
+- include: "{{ role_path }}/tests/nitro/target_lb_vserver/remove.yaml"
+  vars:
+    check_mode: yes
+
+- assert:
+    that: not result|changed
+
+- include: "{{ role_path }}/tests/nitro/target_lb_vserver/remove.yaml"
+  vars:
+    check_mode: no
+
+- assert:
+    that: not result|changed
diff --git a/test/integration/roles/netscaler_cs_action/tests/nitro/target_lb_vserver/remove.yaml b/test/integration/roles/netscaler_cs_action/tests/nitro/target_lb_vserver/remove.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..52cc42f753
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/integration/roles/netscaler_cs_action/tests/nitro/target_lb_vserver/remove.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+---
+
+- name: Setup cs action
+  delegate_to: localhost
+  register: result
+  check_mode: "{{ check_mode }}"
+  netscaler_cs_action:
+    nitro_user: "{{nitro_user}}"
+    nitro_pass: "{{nitro_pass}}"
+    nsip: "{{nsip}}"
+
+    state: absent
+    name: action-1
diff --git a/test/integration/roles/netscaler_cs_action/tests/nitro/target_lb_vserver/setup.yaml b/test/integration/roles/netscaler_cs_action/tests/nitro/target_lb_vserver/setup.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3e2757805e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/integration/roles/netscaler_cs_action/tests/nitro/target_lb_vserver/setup.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+---
+
+
+- name: Setup cs action
+  delegate_to: localhost
+  register: result
+  check_mode: "{{ check_mode }}"
+  netscaler_cs_action:
+    nitro_user: "{{nitro_user}}"
+    nitro_pass: "{{nitro_pass}}"
+    nsip: "{{nsip}}"
+
+    name: action-1
+    targetlbvserver: lb-vserver-1
+    comment: some comment
diff --git a/test/integration/roles/netscaler_cs_action/tests/nitro/target_lb_vserver/update.yaml b/test/integration/roles/netscaler_cs_action/tests/nitro/target_lb_vserver/update.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..cf33e2e85d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/integration/roles/netscaler_cs_action/tests/nitro/target_lb_vserver/update.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+---
+
+- name: Update cs action
+  delegate_to: localhost
+  register: result
+  check_mode: "{{ check_mode }}"
+  netscaler_cs_action:
+    nitro_user: "{{nitro_user}}"
+    nitro_pass: "{{nitro_pass}}"
+    nsip: "{{nsip}}"
+
+    name: action-1
+    targetlbvserver: lb-vserver-1
+    comment: some other comment
diff --git a/test/units/modules/network/netscaler/test_netscaler_cs_action.py b/test/units/modules/network/netscaler/test_netscaler_cs_action.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4e7d5a3559
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/units/modules/network/netscaler/test_netscaler_cs_action.py
@@ -0,0 +1,632 @@
+
+#  Copyright (c) 2017 Citrix Systems
+#
+# This file is part of Ansible
+#
+# Ansible is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# Ansible is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with Ansible.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+
+from ansible.compat.tests.mock import patch, Mock, MagicMock, call
+from .netscaler_module import TestModule, nitro_base_patcher, set_module_args
+
+import sys
+
+if sys.version_info[:2] != (2, 6):
+    import requests
+
+
+class TestNetscalerCSActionModule(TestModule):
+
+    @classmethod
+    def setUpClass(cls):
+        class MockException(Exception):
+            pass
+
+        cls.MockException = MockException
+
+        m = MagicMock()
+        cls.cs_action_mock = MagicMock()
+        cls.cs_action_mock.__class__ = MagicMock(add=Mock())
+        nssrc_modules_mock = {
+            'nssrc.com.citrix.netscaler.nitro.resource.config.cs': m,
+            'nssrc.com.citrix.netscaler.nitro.resource.config.cs.csaction': m,
+            'nssrc.com.citrix.netscaler.nitro.resource.config.cs.csaction': m,
+            'nssrc.com.citrix.netscaler.nitro.resource.config.cs.csaction.csaction': cls.cs_action_mock,
+        }
+
+        cls.nitro_specific_patcher = patch.dict(sys.modules, nssrc_modules_mock)
+        cls.nitro_base_patcher = nitro_base_patcher
+
+    @classmethod
+    def tearDownClass(cls):
+        cls.nitro_base_patcher.stop()
+        cls.nitro_specific_patcher.stop()
+
+    def setUp(self):
+        self.nitro_base_patcher.start()
+        self.nitro_specific_patcher.start()
+
+        # Setup minimal required arguments to pass AnsibleModule argument parsing
+
+    def tearDown(self):
+        self.nitro_base_patcher.stop()
+        self.nitro_specific_patcher.stop()
+
+    def test_graceful_nitro_api_import_error(self):
+        # Stop nitro api patching to cause ImportError
+        set_module_args(dict(
+            nitro_user='user',
+            nitro_pass='pass',
+            nsip='1.1.1.1',
+            state='present',
+        ))
+        self.nitro_base_patcher.stop()
+        self.nitro_specific_patcher.stop()
+        from ansible.modules.network.netscaler import netscaler_cs_action
+        self.module = netscaler_cs_action
+        result = self.failed()
+        self.assertEqual(result['msg'], 'Could not load nitro python sdk')
+
+    def test_graceful_nitro_error_on_login(self):
+        set_module_args(dict(
+            nitro_user='user',
+            nitro_pass='pass',
+            nsip='1.1.1.1',
+            state='present',
+        ))
+        from ansible.modules.network.netscaler import netscaler_cs_action
+
+        class MockException(Exception):
+            def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+                self.errorcode = 0
+                self.message = ''
+
+        client_mock = Mock()
+        client_mock.login = Mock(side_effect=MockException)
+        m = Mock(return_value=client_mock)
+        with patch('ansible.modules.network.netscaler.netscaler_cs_action.get_nitro_client', m):
+            with patch('ansible.modules.network.netscaler.netscaler_cs_action.nitro_exception', MockException):
+                self.module = netscaler_cs_action
+                result = self.failed()
+                self.assertTrue(result['msg'].startswith('nitro exception'), msg='nitro exception during login not handled properly')
+
+    def test_graceful_no_connection_error(self):
+
+        if sys.version_info[:2] == (2, 6):
+            self.skipTest('requests library not available under python2.6')
+        set_module_args(dict(
+            nitro_user='user',
+            nitro_pass='pass',
+            nsip='1.1.1.1',
+            state='present',
+        ))
+        from ansible.modules.network.netscaler import netscaler_cs_action
+
+        class MockException(Exception):
+            pass
+        client_mock = Mock()
+        attrs = {'login.side_effect': requests.exceptions.ConnectionError}
+        client_mock.configure_mock(**attrs)
+        m = Mock(return_value=client_mock)
+        with patch.multiple(
+            'ansible.modules.network.netscaler.netscaler_cs_action',
+            get_nitro_client=m,
+            nitro_exception=MockException,
+        ):
+            self.module = netscaler_cs_action
+            result = self.failed()
+            self.assertTrue(result['msg'].startswith('Connection error'), msg='Connection error was not handled gracefully')
+
+    def test_graceful_login_error(self):
+        set_module_args(dict(
+            nitro_user='user',
+            nitro_pass='pass',
+            nsip='1.1.1.1',
+            state='present',
+        ))
+        from ansible.modules.network.netscaler import netscaler_cs_action
+
+        if sys.version_info[:2] == (2, 6):
+            self.skipTest('requests library not available under python2.6')
+
+        class MockException(Exception):
+            pass
+        client_mock = Mock()
+        attrs = {'login.side_effect': requests.exceptions.SSLError}
+        client_mock.configure_mock(**attrs)
+        m = Mock(return_value=client_mock)
+        with patch.multiple(
+            'ansible.modules.network.netscaler.netscaler_cs_action',
+            get_nitro_client=m,
+            nitro_exception=MockException,
+        ):
+            self.module = netscaler_cs_action
+            result = self.failed()
+            self.assertTrue(result['msg'].startswith('SSL Error'), msg='SSL Error was not handled gracefully')
+
+    def test_save_config_called_on_state_present(self):
+        set_module_args(dict(
+            nitro_user='user',
+            nitro_pass='pass',
+            nsip='1.1.1.1',
+            state='present',
+        ))
+        from ansible.modules.network.netscaler import netscaler_cs_action
+
+        client_mock = Mock()
+
+        m = Mock(return_value=client_mock)
+
+        cs_action_proxy_mock = Mock()
+
+        with patch.multiple(
+            'ansible.modules.network.netscaler.netscaler_cs_action',
+            get_nitro_client=m,
+            action_exists=Mock(side_effect=[False, True]),
+            ensure_feature_is_enabled=Mock(return_value=True),
+            diff_list=Mock(return_value={}),
+            ConfigProxy=Mock(return_value=cs_action_proxy_mock),
+        ):
+            self.module = netscaler_cs_action
+            self.exited()
+            self.assertIn(call.save_config(), client_mock.mock_calls)
+
+    def test_save_config_called_on_state_absent(self):
+        set_module_args(dict(
+            nitro_user='user',
+            nitro_pass='pass',
+            nsip='1.1.1.1',
+            state='absent',
+        ))
+        from ansible.modules.network.netscaler import netscaler_cs_action
+
+        client_mock = Mock()
+
+        m = Mock(return_value=client_mock)
+
+        cs_action_proxy_mock = Mock()
+
+        with patch.multiple(
+            'ansible.modules.network.netscaler.netscaler_cs_action',
+            get_nitro_client=m,
+            action_exists=Mock(side_effect=[True, False]),
+            ensure_feature_is_enabled=Mock(return_value=True),
+            ConfigProxy=Mock(return_value=cs_action_proxy_mock),
+        ):
+            self.module = netscaler_cs_action
+            self.exited()
+            self.assertIn(call.save_config(), client_mock.mock_calls)
+
+    def test_save_config_not_called_on_state_present(self):
+        set_module_args(dict(
+            nitro_user='user',
+            nitro_pass='pass',
+            nsip='1.1.1.1',
+            state='present',
+            save_config=False,
+        ))
+        from ansible.modules.network.netscaler import netscaler_cs_action
+
+        client_mock = Mock()
+
+        m = Mock(return_value=client_mock)
+
+        cs_action_proxy_mock = Mock()
+
+        with patch.multiple(
+            'ansible.modules.network.netscaler.netscaler_cs_action',
+            get_nitro_client=m,
+            action_exists=Mock(side_effect=[False, True]),
+            diff_list=Mock(return_value={}),
+            ensure_feature_is_enabled=Mock(return_value=True),
+            ConfigProxy=Mock(return_value=cs_action_proxy_mock),
+        ):
+            self.module = netscaler_cs_action
+            self.exited()
+            self.assertNotIn(call.save_config(), client_mock.mock_calls)
+
+    def test_save_config_not_called_on_state_absent(self):
+        set_module_args(dict(
+            nitro_user='user',
+            nitro_pass='pass',
+            nsip='1.1.1.1',
+            state='absent',
+            save_config=False,
+        ))
+        from ansible.modules.network.netscaler import netscaler_cs_action
+
+        client_mock = Mock()
+
+        m = Mock(return_value=client_mock)
+
+        cs_action_proxy_mock = Mock()
+
+        with patch.multiple(
+            'ansible.modules.network.netscaler.netscaler_cs_action',
+            get_nitro_client=m,
+            action_exists=Mock(side_effect=[True, False]),
+            ensure_feature_is_enabled=Mock(return_value=True),
+            ConfigProxy=Mock(return_value=cs_action_proxy_mock),
+        ):
+            self.module = netscaler_cs_action
+            self.exited()
+            self.assertNotIn(call.save_config(), client_mock.mock_calls)
+
+    def test_new_cs_action_execution_flow(self):
+        set_module_args(dict(
+            nitro_user='user',
+            nitro_pass='pass',
+            nsip='1.1.1.1',
+            state='present',
+        ))
+        from ansible.modules.network.netscaler import netscaler_cs_action
+
+        client_mock = Mock()
+
+        m = Mock(return_value=client_mock)
+
+        server_proxy_attrs = {
+            'diff_object.return_value': {},
+        }
+        cs_action_proxy_mock = Mock()
+        cs_action_proxy_mock.configure_mock(**server_proxy_attrs)
+        config_proxy_mock = Mock(return_value=cs_action_proxy_mock)
+
+        with patch.multiple(
+            'ansible.modules.network.netscaler.netscaler_cs_action',
+            get_nitro_client=m,
+            action_exists=Mock(side_effect=[False, True]),
+            action_identical=Mock(side_effect=[True]),
+            ensure_feature_is_enabled=Mock(return_value=True),
+            ConfigProxy=config_proxy_mock,
+        ):
+            self.module = netscaler_cs_action
+            self.exited()
+            cs_action_proxy_mock.assert_has_calls([call.add()])
+
+    def test_modified_cs_action_execution_flow(self):
+        set_module_args(dict(
+            nitro_user='user',
+            nitro_pass='pass',
+            nsip='1.1.1.1',
+            state='present',
+        ))
+        from ansible.modules.network.netscaler import netscaler_cs_action
+
+        client_mock = Mock()
+
+        m = Mock(return_value=client_mock)
+
+        server_proxy_attrs = {
+            'diff_object.return_value': {},
+        }
+        cs_action_proxy_mock = Mock()
+        cs_action_proxy_mock.configure_mock(**server_proxy_attrs)
+        config_proxy_mock = Mock(return_value=cs_action_proxy_mock)
+
+        with patch.multiple(
+            'ansible.modules.network.netscaler.netscaler_cs_action',
+            get_nitro_client=m,
+            diff_list=Mock(return_value={}),
+            get_immutables_intersection=Mock(return_value=[]),
+            action_exists=Mock(side_effect=[True, True]),
+            action_identical=Mock(side_effect=[False, True]),
+            ensure_feature_is_enabled=Mock(return_value=True),
+            ConfigProxy=config_proxy_mock,
+        ):
+            self.module = netscaler_cs_action
+            self.exited()
+            cs_action_proxy_mock.assert_has_calls([call.update()])
+
+    def test_absent_cs_action_execution_flow(self):
+        set_module_args(dict(
+            nitro_user='user',
+            nitro_pass='pass',
+            nsip='1.1.1.1',
+            state='absent',
+        ))
+        from ansible.modules.network.netscaler import netscaler_cs_action
+
+        client_mock = Mock()
+
+        m = Mock(return_value=client_mock)
+
+        server_proxy_attrs = {
+            'diff_object.return_value': {},
+        }
+        cs_action_proxy_mock = Mock()
+        cs_action_proxy_mock.configure_mock(**server_proxy_attrs)
+        config_proxy_mock = Mock(return_value=cs_action_proxy_mock)
+
+        with patch.multiple(
+            'ansible.modules.network.netscaler.netscaler_cs_action',
+            get_nitro_client=m,
+            diff_list=Mock(return_value={}),
+            get_immutables_intersection=Mock(return_value=[]),
+            action_exists=Mock(side_effect=[True, False]),
+            action_identical=Mock(side_effect=[False, True]),
+            ensure_feature_is_enabled=Mock(return_value=True),
+            ConfigProxy=config_proxy_mock,
+        ):
+            self.module = netscaler_cs_action
+            self.exited()
+            cs_action_proxy_mock.assert_has_calls([call.delete()])
+
+    def test_present_cs_action_identical_flow(self):
+        set_module_args(dict(
+            nitro_user='user',
+            nitro_pass='pass',
+            nsip='1.1.1.1',
+            state='present',
+        ))
+        from ansible.modules.network.netscaler import netscaler_cs_action
+
+        client_mock = Mock()
+
+        m = Mock(return_value=client_mock)
+
+        server_proxy_attrs = {
+            'diff_object.return_value': {},
+        }
+        cs_action_proxy_mock = Mock()
+        cs_action_proxy_mock.configure_mock(**server_proxy_attrs)
+        config_proxy_mock = Mock(return_value=cs_action_proxy_mock)
+
+        with patch.multiple(
+            'ansible.modules.network.netscaler.netscaler_cs_action',
+            get_nitro_client=m,
+            diff_list=Mock(return_value={}),
+            get_immutables_intersection=Mock(return_value=[]),
+            action_exists=Mock(side_effect=[True, True]),
+            action_identical=Mock(side_effect=[True, True]),
+            ensure_feature_is_enabled=Mock(return_value=True),
+            ConfigProxy=config_proxy_mock,
+        ):
+            self.module = netscaler_cs_action
+            self.exited()
+            cs_action_proxy_mock.assert_not_called()
+
+    def test_absent_cs_action_noop_flow(self):
+        set_module_args(dict(
+            nitro_user='user',
+            nitro_pass='pass',
+            nsip='1.1.1.1',
+            state='absent',
+        ))
+        from ansible.modules.network.netscaler import netscaler_cs_action
+
+        client_mock = Mock()
+
+        m = Mock(return_value=client_mock)
+
+        server_proxy_attrs = {
+            'diff_object.return_value': {},
+        }
+        cs_action_proxy_mock = Mock()
+        cs_action_proxy_mock.configure_mock(**server_proxy_attrs)
+        config_proxy_mock = Mock(return_value=cs_action_proxy_mock)
+
+        with patch.multiple(
+            'ansible.modules.network.netscaler.netscaler_cs_action',
+            get_nitro_client=m,
+            diff_list=Mock(return_value={}),
+            get_immutables_intersection=Mock(return_value=[]),
+            action_exists=Mock(side_effect=[False, False]),
+            action_identical=Mock(side_effect=[False, False]),
+            ensure_feature_is_enabled=Mock(return_value=True),
+            ConfigProxy=config_proxy_mock,
+        ):
+            self.module = netscaler_cs_action
+            self.exited()
+            cs_action_proxy_mock.assert_not_called()
+
+    def test_present_cs_action_failed_update(self):
+        set_module_args(dict(
+            nitro_user='user',
+            nitro_pass='pass',
+            nsip='1.1.1.1',
+            state='present',
+        ))
+        from ansible.modules.network.netscaler import netscaler_cs_action
+
+        client_mock = Mock()
+
+        m = Mock(return_value=client_mock)
+
+        server_proxy_attrs = {
+            'diff_object.return_value': {},
+        }
+        cs_action_proxy_mock = Mock()
+        cs_action_proxy_mock.configure_mock(**server_proxy_attrs)
+        config_proxy_mock = Mock(return_value=cs_action_proxy_mock)
+
+        with patch.multiple(
+            'ansible.modules.network.netscaler.netscaler_cs_action',
+            nitro_exception=self.MockException,
+            get_nitro_client=m,
+            diff_list=Mock(return_value={}),
+            get_immutables_intersection=Mock(return_value=[]),
+            action_exists=Mock(side_effect=[True, True]),
+            action_identical=Mock(side_effect=[False, False]),
+            ensure_feature_is_enabled=Mock(return_value=True),
+            ConfigProxy=config_proxy_mock,
+        ):
+            self.module = netscaler_cs_action
+            result = self.failed()
+            self.assertEqual(result['msg'], 'Content switching action differs from configured')
+            self.assertTrue(result['failed'])
+
+    def test_present_cs_action_failed_create(self):
+        set_module_args(dict(
+            nitro_user='user',
+            nitro_pass='pass',
+            nsip='1.1.1.1',
+            state='present',
+        ))
+        from ansible.modules.network.netscaler import netscaler_cs_action
+
+        client_mock = Mock()
+
+        m = Mock(return_value=client_mock)
+
+        server_proxy_attrs = {
+            'diff_object.return_value': {},
+        }
+        cs_action_proxy_mock = Mock()
+        cs_action_proxy_mock.configure_mock(**server_proxy_attrs)
+        config_proxy_mock = Mock(return_value=cs_action_proxy_mock)
+
+        with patch.multiple(
+            'ansible.modules.network.netscaler.netscaler_cs_action',
+            nitro_exception=self.MockException,
+            get_nitro_client=m,
+            diff_list=Mock(return_value={}),
+            get_immutables_intersection=Mock(return_value=[]),
+            action_exists=Mock(side_effect=[False, False]),
+            action_identical=Mock(side_effect=[False, False]),
+            ensure_feature_is_enabled=Mock(return_value=True),
+            ConfigProxy=config_proxy_mock,
+        ):
+            self.module = netscaler_cs_action
+            result = self.failed()
+            self.assertEqual(result['msg'], 'Content switching action does not exist')
+            self.assertTrue(result['failed'])
+
+    def test_present_cs_action_update_immutable_attribute(self):
+        set_module_args(dict(
+            nitro_user='user',
+            nitro_pass='pass',
+            nsip='1.1.1.1',
+            state='present',
+        ))
+        from ansible.modules.network.netscaler import netscaler_cs_action
+
+        client_mock = Mock()
+
+        m = Mock(return_value=client_mock)
+
+        server_proxy_attrs = {
+            'diff_object.return_value': {},
+        }
+        cs_action_proxy_mock = Mock()
+        cs_action_proxy_mock.configure_mock(**server_proxy_attrs)
+        config_proxy_mock = Mock(return_value=cs_action_proxy_mock)
+
+        with patch.multiple(
+            'ansible.modules.network.netscaler.netscaler_cs_action',
+            nitro_exception=self.MockException,
+            get_nitro_client=m,
+            diff_list=Mock(return_value={}),
+            get_immutables_intersection=Mock(return_value=['domain']),
+            action_exists=Mock(side_effect=[True, True]),
+            action_identical=Mock(side_effect=[False, False]),
+            ensure_feature_is_enabled=Mock(return_value=True),
+            ConfigProxy=config_proxy_mock,
+        ):
+            self.module = netscaler_cs_action
+            result = self.failed()
+            self.assertEqual(result['msg'], 'Cannot update immutable attributes [\'domain\']')
+            self.assertTrue(result['failed'])
+
+    def test_absent_cs_action_failed_delete(self):
+        set_module_args(dict(
+            nitro_user='user',
+            nitro_pass='pass',
+            nsip='1.1.1.1',
+            state='absent',
+        ))
+        from ansible.modules.network.netscaler import netscaler_cs_action
+
+        client_mock = Mock()
+
+        m = Mock(return_value=client_mock)
+
+        server_proxy_attrs = {
+            'diff_object.return_value': {},
+        }
+        cs_action_proxy_mock = Mock()
+        cs_action_proxy_mock.configure_mock(**server_proxy_attrs)
+        config_proxy_mock = Mock(return_value=cs_action_proxy_mock)
+
+        with patch.multiple(
+            'ansible.modules.network.netscaler.netscaler_cs_action',
+            nitro_exception=self.MockException,
+            get_nitro_client=m,
+            diff_list=Mock(return_value={}),
+            get_immutables_intersection=Mock(return_value=[]),
+            action_exists=Mock(side_effect=[True, True]),
+            action_identical=Mock(side_effect=[False, False]),
+            ensure_feature_is_enabled=Mock(return_value=True),
+            ConfigProxy=config_proxy_mock,
+        ):
+            self.module = netscaler_cs_action
+            result = self.failed()
+            self.assertEqual(result['msg'], 'Content switching action still exists')
+            self.assertTrue(result['failed'])
+
+    def test_graceful_nitro_exception_state_present(self):
+        set_module_args(dict(
+            nitro_user='user',
+            nitro_pass='pass',
+            nsip='1.1.1.1',
+            state='present',
+        ))
+        from ansible.modules.network.netscaler import netscaler_cs_action
+
+        class MockException(Exception):
+            def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+                self.errorcode = 0
+                self.message = ''
+
+        m = Mock(side_effect=MockException)
+        with patch.multiple(
+            'ansible.modules.network.netscaler.netscaler_cs_action',
+            action_exists=m,
+            ensure_feature_is_enabled=Mock(return_value=True),
+            nitro_exception=MockException
+        ):
+            self.module = netscaler_cs_action
+            result = self.failed()
+            self.assertTrue(
+                result['msg'].startswith('nitro exception'),
+                msg='Nitro exception not caught on operation absent'
+            )
+
+    def test_graceful_nitro_exception_state_absent(self):
+        set_module_args(dict(
+            nitro_user='user',
+            nitro_pass='pass',
+            nsip='1.1.1.1',
+            state='absent',
+        ))
+        from ansible.modules.network.netscaler import netscaler_cs_action
+
+        class MockException(Exception):
+            def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+                self.errorcode = 0
+                self.message = ''
+
+        m = Mock(side_effect=MockException)
+        with patch.multiple(
+            'ansible.modules.network.netscaler.netscaler_cs_action',
+            action_exists=m,
+            ensure_feature_is_enabled=Mock(return_value=True),
+            nitro_exception=MockException
+        ):
+            self.module = netscaler_cs_action
+            result = self.failed()
+            self.assertTrue(
+                result['msg'].startswith('nitro exception'),
+                msg='Nitro exception not caught on operation absent'
+            )