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< li > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#python-2-6-epel-instructions-for-rhel-and-centos-5" > Python 2.6 EPEL instructions for RHEL and CentOS 5< / a > < / li >
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< li > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#getting-ansible" > Getting Ansible< / a > < ul >
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< li > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#running-from-checkout" > Running From Checkout< / a > < / li >
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< li > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#via-rpm" > Via RPM< / a > < / li >
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< li > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#choosing-between-paramiko-and-native-ssh" > Choosing Between Paramiko and Native SSH< / a > < / li >
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< li > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#your-first-commands" > Your first commands< / a > < / li >
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< div class = "section" id = "getting-started" >
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< h1 > < a class = "toc-backref" href = "#contents" > Getting Started< / a > < a class = "headerlink" href = "#getting-started" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h1 >
< div class = "contents topic" id = "contents" >
< p class = "topic-title first" > Contents< / p >
< ul class = "simple" >
< li > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#getting-started" id = "id1" > Getting Started< / a > < ul >
< li > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#requirements" id = "id2" > Requirements< / a > < / li >
< li > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#python-2-6-epel-instructions-for-rhel-and-centos-5" id = "id3" > Python 2.6 EPEL instructions for RHEL and CentOS 5< / a > < / li >
< li > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#getting-ansible" id = "id4" > Getting Ansible< / a > < / li >
< li > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#choosing-between-paramiko-and-native-ssh" id = "id5" > Choosing Between Paramiko and Native SSH< / a > < / li >
< li > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#your-first-commands" id = "id6" > Your first commands< / a > < / li >
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< div class = "section" id = "requirements" >
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< h2 > < a class = "toc-backref" href = "#contents" > Requirements< / a > < a class = "headerlink" href = "#requirements" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h2 >
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< p > Requirements for Ansible are extremely minimal.< / p >
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< p > Ansible is written for Python 2.6. If you are running Python 2.5 on an “ Enterprise Linux” variant,
your distribution can easily install 2.6 (see instructions in the next section). Newer versions
of Linux and OS X should already have 2.6.< / p >
< p > In additon to Python 2.6, you will want the following packages:< / p >
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< ul class = "simple" >
< li > < tt class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > paramiko< / span > < / tt > < / li >
< li > < tt class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > PyYAML< / span > < / tt > < / li >
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< li > < tt class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > python-jinja2< / span > < / tt > < / li >
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< / ul >
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< p > On the managed nodes, you only need Python 2.4 or later, but if you are are running less than Python 2.6 on them, you will
also need:< / p >
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< ul class = "simple" >
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< li > < tt class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > python-simplejson< / span > < / tt > < / li >
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< / ul >
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< div class = "admonition note" >
< p class = "first admonition-title" > Note< / p >
< p class = "last" > Ansible’ s “ raw” module (for executing commands in a quick and dirty
way) and the copy module – some of the most basic features in
ansible – don’ t even need that. So technically, you can use
Ansible to install python-simplejson using the raw module, which
then allows you to use everything else. (That’ s jumping ahead
though.)< / p >
< / div >
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< / div >
< div class = "section" id = "python-2-6-epel-instructions-for-rhel-and-centos-5" >
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< h2 > < a class = "toc-backref" href = "#contents" > Python 2.6 EPEL instructions for RHEL and CentOS 5< / a > < a class = "headerlink" href = "#python-2-6-epel-instructions-for-rhel-and-centos-5" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h2 >
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< p > These distributions don’ t have Python 2.6 by default, but it is easily
installable. If you have not already done so, < a class = "reference external" href = "http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/EPEL" > configure EPEL< / a > < / p >
< div class = "highlight-bash" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span class = "nv" > $ < / span > yum install python26 python26-PyYAML python26-paramiko python26-jinja2
< / pre > < / div >
< / div >
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< / div >
< div class = "section" id = "getting-ansible" >
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< h2 > < a class = "toc-backref" href = "#contents" > Getting Ansible< / a > < a class = "headerlink" href = "#getting-ansible" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h2 >
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< p > If you are interested in using all the latest features, you may wish to keep up to date
with the development branch of the git checkout. This also makes it easiest to contribute
back to the project.< / p >
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< p > Instructions for installing from source are below.< / p >
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< p > Ansible’ s release cycles are about one month long. Due to this
short release cycle, any bugs will generally be fixed in the next release versus maintaining
backports on the stable branch.< / p >
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< p > You may also wish to follow the < a class = "reference external" href = "https://github.com/ansible/ansible" > Github project< / a > if
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you have a github account. This is also where we keep the issue tracker for sharing
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bugs and feature ideas.< / p >
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< div class = "section" id = "running-from-checkout" >
< h3 > Running From Checkout< a class = "headerlink" href = "#running-from-checkout" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h3 >
< p > Ansible is trivially easy to run from a checkout, root permissions are not required
to use it:< / p >
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< div class = "highlight-bash" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span class = "nv" > $ < / span > git clone git://github.com/ansible/ansible.git
< span class = "nv" > $ < / span > < span class = "nb" > cd< / span > ./ansible
< span class = "nv" > $ < / span > < span class = "nb" > source< / span > ./hacking/env-setup
< / pre > < / div >
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< / div >
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< p > You can optionally specify an inventory file (see < a class = "reference internal" href = "patterns.html" > < em > Inventory & Patterns< / em > < / a > ) other than /etc/ansible/hosts:< / p >
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< div class = "highlight-bash" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span class = "nv" > $ < / span > < span class = "nb" > echo< / span > < span class = "s2" > " 127.0.0.1" < / span > > ~/ansible_hosts
< span class = "nv" > $ < / span > < span class = "nb" > export < / span > < span class = "nv" > ANSIBLE_HOSTS< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > ~/ansible_hosts
< / pre > < / div >
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< / div >
< p > Now let’ s test things:< / p >
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< div class = "highlight-bash" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span class = "nv" > $ < / span > ansible all -m ping --ask-pass
< / pre > < / div >
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< / div >
< / div >
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< div class = "section" id = "make-install" >
< h3 > Make Install< a class = "headerlink" href = "#make-install" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h3 >
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< p > If you are not working from a distribution where Ansible is packaged yet, you can install Ansible
using “ make install” . This is done through < cite > python-distutils< / cite > :< / p >
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< div class = "highlight-bash" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span class = "nv" > $ < / span > git clone git://github.com/ansible/ansible.git
< span class = "nv" > $ < / span > < span class = "nb" > cd< / span > ./ansible
< span class = "nv" > $ < / span > sudo make install
< / pre > < / div >
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< / div >
< / div >
< div class = "section" id = "via-rpm" >
< h3 > Via RPM< a class = "headerlink" href = "#via-rpm" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h3 >
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< p > RPMs for the last Ansible release are available for < a class = "reference external" href = "http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/EPEL" > EPEL< / a > 6 and currently supported
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Fedora distributions. Ansible itself can manage earlier operating
systems that contain python 2.4 or higher.< / p >
< div class = "highlight-bash" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span class = "c" > # install the epel-release RPM if needed on CentOS, RHEL, or Scientific Linux< / span >
< span class = "nv" > $ < / span > sudo yum install ansible
< / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< p > You can also use the < tt class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > make< / span > < span class = "pre" > rpm< / span > < / tt > command to build an RPM you can
distribute and install:< / p >
< div class = "highlight-bash" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span class = "nv" > $ < / span > git clone git://github.com/ansible/ansible.git
< span class = "nv" > $ < / span > < span class = "nb" > cd< / span > ./ansible
< span class = "nv" > $ < / span > make rpm
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< span class = "nv" > $ < / span > sudo rpm -Uvh ~/rpmbuild/ansible-*.noarch.rpm
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< / pre > < / div >
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< / div >
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< / div >
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< div class = "section" id = "debian-gentoo-arch-others" >
< h3 > Debian, Gentoo, Arch, Others< a class = "headerlink" href = "#debian-gentoo-arch-others" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h3 >
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< p > Ubuntu builds are available < a class = "reference external" href = "https://launchpad.net/~rquillo/+archive/ansible" > in a PPA here< / a > < / p >
< p > Debian/Ubuntu package recipes can also be built from the source checkout, run:< / p >
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< div class = "highlight-bash" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span class = "nv" > $ < / span > make debian
< / pre > < / div >
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< / div >
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< p > Gentoo eBuilds are available < a class = "reference external" href = "https://github.com/uu/ubuilds" > on github here< / a > < / p >
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< p > An Arch PKGBUILD is available on < a class = "reference external" href = "https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=58621" > AUR< / a >
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If you have python3 installed on Arch, you probably want to symlink python to python2:< / p >
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< div class = "highlight-bash" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span class = "nv" > $ < / span > sudo ln -sf /usr/bin/python2 /usr/bin/python
< / pre > < / div >
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< / div >
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< p > If you would like to package Ansible for Homebrew, BSD, or others,
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please stop by the mailing list and say hi!< / p >
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< / div >
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< div class = "section" id = "tagged-releases" >
< h3 > Tagged Releases< a class = "headerlink" href = "#tagged-releases" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h3 >
< p > Tagged releases are available as tar.gz files from the Ansible github
project page:< / p >
< ul class = "simple" >
< li > < a class = "reference external" href = "https://github.com/ansible/ansible/downloads" > Ansible/downloads< / a > < / li >
< / ul >
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< / div >
< / div >
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< div class = "section" id = "choosing-between-paramiko-and-native-ssh" >
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< h2 > < a class = "toc-backref" href = "#contents" > Choosing Between Paramiko and Native SSH< / a > < a class = "headerlink" href = "#choosing-between-paramiko-and-native-ssh" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h2 >
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< p > By default, ansible uses paramiko to talk to managed nodes over SSH. Paramiko is fast, works
very transparently, requires no configuration, and is a good choice for most users.
However, it does not support some advanced SSH features that folks will want to use.< / p >
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< p class = "versionadded" >
< span class = "versionmodified" > New in version 0.5.< / span > < / p >
< p > If you want to leverage more advanced SSH features (such as Kerberized
SSH or jump hosts), pass the flag “ – connection=ssh” to any ansible
command, or set the ANSIBLE_TRANSPORT environment variable to
‘ ssh’ . This will cause Ansible to use openssh tools instead.< / p >
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< p > If ANSIBLE_SSH_ARGS are not set, ansible will try to use some sensible ControlMaster options
by default. You are free to override this environment variable, but should still pass ControlMaster
options to ensure performance of this transport. With ControlMaster in use, both transports
are roughly the same speed. Without CM, the binary ssh transport is signficantly slower.< / p >
< p > If none of this makes sense to you, the default paramiko option is probably fine.< / p >
< / div >
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< div class = "section" id = "your-first-commands" >
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< h2 > < a class = "toc-backref" href = "#contents" > Your first commands< / a > < a class = "headerlink" href = "#your-first-commands" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h2 >
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< p > Now that you’ ve installed Ansible, it’ s time to test it.< / p >
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< p > Edit (or create) /etc/ansible/hosts and put one or more remote systems in it, for
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which you have your SSH key in < tt class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > authorized_keys< / span > < / tt > :< / p >
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< div class = "highlight-python" > < pre > 192.168.1.50
aserver.example.org
bserver.example.org< / pre >
< / div >
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< p > Set up SSH agent to avoid retyping passwords:< / p >
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< div class = "highlight-bash" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span class = "nv" > $ < / span > ssh-agent bash
< span class = "nv" > $ < / span > ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_rsa
< / pre > < / div >
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< / div >
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< p > (Depending on your setup, you may wish to ansible’ s – private-key-file option to specify a pem file instead)< / p >
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< p > Now ping all your nodes:< / p >
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< div class = "highlight-bash" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span class = "nv" > $ < / span > ansible all -m ping
< / pre > < / div >
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< / div >
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< p > In Ansible 0.7 and later, ansible will attempt to remote connect to the machines using your current
user name, just like SSH would. In 0.6 and before, this actually defaults to ‘ root’ (we liked the current
user behavior better). To override the remote user name, just use the ‘ -u’ parameter.< / p >
< p > If you would like to access sudo mode, there are also flags to do that:< / p >
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< div class = "highlight-bash" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span class = "c" > # as bruce< / span >
< span class = "nv" > $ < / span > ansible all -m ping -u bruce
< span class = "c" > # as bruce, sudoing to root< / span >
< span class = "nv" > $ < / span > ansible all -m ping -u bruce --sudo
< span class = "c" > # as bruce, sudoing to batman< / span >
< span class = "nv" > $ < / span > ansible all -m ping -u bruce --sudo --sudo-user batman
< / pre > < / div >
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< / div >
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< p > Now run a live command on all of your nodes:< / p >
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< div class = "highlight-bash" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span class = "nv" > $ < / span > ansible all -a < span class = "s2" > " /bin/echo hello" < / span >
< / pre > < / div >
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< / div >
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< p > Congratulations. You’ ve just contacted your nodes with Ansible. It’ s
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now time to read some of the more real-world < a class = "reference internal" href = "examples.html" > < em > Command Line Examples And Next Steps< / em > < / a > , and explore
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what you can do with different modules, as well as the Ansible
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< a class = "reference internal" href = "playbooks.html" > < em > Playbooks< / em > < / a > language. Ansible is not just about running commands, it
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also has powerful configuration management and deployment features. There’ s more to
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explore, but you already have a fully working infrastructure!< / p >
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< div class = "admonition-see-also admonition seealso" >
< p class = "first admonition-title" > See also< / p >
< dl class = "last docutils" >
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< dt > < a class = "reference internal" href = "examples.html" > < em > Command Line Examples And Next Steps< / em > < / a > < / dt >
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< dd > Examples of basic commands< / dd >
< dt > < a class = "reference internal" href = "playbooks.html" > < em > Playbooks< / em > < / a > < / dt >
< dd > Learning ansible’ s configuration management language< / dd >
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< dt > < a class = "reference external" href = "http://groups.google.com/group/ansible-project" > Mailing List< / a > < / dt >
< dd > Questions? Help? Ideas? Stop by the list on Google Groups< / dd >
< dt > < a class = "reference external" href = "http://irc.freenode.net" > irc.freenode.net< / a > < / dt >
< dd > #ansible IRC chat channel< / dd >
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< / dl >
< / div >
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< / div >
< / div >
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< p >
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< p >
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© Copyright 2012 Michael DeHaan.< br / >
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Last updated on Sep 27, 2012.< br / >
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