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< h1 > Using the Python API< a class = "headerlink" href = "#using-the-python-api" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h1 >
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< p > The Python API is very powerful, and is how the ansible CLI and ansible-playbook
are implemented.< / p >
< p > It’ s pretty simple:< / p >
< div class = "highlight-python" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span class = "kn" > import< / span > < span class = "nn" > ansible.runner< / span >
< span class = "n" > runner< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "n" > ansible< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > runner< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > Runner< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span >
< span class = "n" > module_name< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "s" > ' ping' < / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span >
< span class = "n" > module_args< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "s" > ' ' < / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span >
< span class = "n" > pattern< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "s" > ' web*' < / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span >
< span class = "n" > forks< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "mi" > 10< / span >
< span class = "p" > )< / span >
< span class = "n" > datastructure< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "n" > runner< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > run< / span > < span class = "p" > ()< / span >
< / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< p > The run method returns results per host, grouped by whether they
could be contacted or not. Return types are module specific, as
expressed in the ‘ ansible-modules’ documentation.:< / p >
< div class = "highlight-python" > < pre > {
"dark" : {
"web1.example.com" : "failure message"
}
"contacted" : {
"web2.example.com" : 1
}
}< / pre >
< / div >
< p > A module can return any type of JSON data it wants, so Ansible can
be used as a framework to rapidly build powerful applications and scripts.< / p >
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< div class = "section" id = "detailed-api-example" >
< h2 > Detailed API Example< a class = "headerlink" href = "#detailed-api-example" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h2 >
< p > The following script prints out the uptime information for all hosts:< / p >
< div class = "highlight-python" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span class = "c" > #!/usr/bin/python< / span >
< span class = "kn" > import< / span > < span class = "nn" > ansible.runner< / span >
< span class = "kn" > import< / span > < span class = "nn" > sys< / span >
< span class = "c" > # construct the ansible runner and execute on all hosts< / span >
< span class = "n" > results< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "n" > ansible< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > runner< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > Runner< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span >
< span class = "n" > pattern< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "s" > ' *' < / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "n" > forks< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "mi" > 10< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span >
< span class = "n" > module_name< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "s" > ' command' < / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "n" > module_args< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "s" > ' /usr/bin/uptime' < / span > < span class = "p" > ],< / span >
< span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > run< / span > < span class = "p" > ()< / span >
< span class = "k" > if< / span > < span class = "n" > results< / span > < span class = "ow" > is< / span > < span class = "bp" > None< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span >
< span class = "k" > print< / span > < span class = "s" > " No hosts found" < / span >
< span class = "n" > sys< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > exit< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "mi" > 1< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< span class = "k" > print< / span > < span class = "s" > " UP ***********" < / span >
< span class = "k" > for< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > hostname< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "n" > result< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "ow" > in< / span > < span class = "n" > results< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "s" > ' contacted' < / span > < span class = "p" > ]< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > items< / span > < span class = "p" > ():< / span >
< span class = "k" > if< / span > < span class = "ow" > not< / span > < span class = "s" > ' failed' < / span > < span class = "ow" > in< / span > < span class = "n" > result< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span >
< span class = "k" > print< / span > < span class = "s" > " < / span > < span class = "si" > %s< / span > < span class = "s" > > > > < / span > < span class = "si" > %s< / span > < span class = "s" > " < / span > < span class = "o" > %< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > hostname< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "n" > result< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "s" > ' stdout' < / span > < span class = "p" > ])< / span >
< span class = "k" > print< / span > < span class = "s" > " FAILED *******" < / span >
< span class = "k" > for< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > hostname< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "n" > result< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "ow" > in< / span > < span class = "n" > results< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "s" > ' contacted' < / span > < span class = "p" > ]< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > items< / span > < span class = "p" > ():< / span >
< span class = "k" > if< / span > < span class = "s" > ' failed' < / span > < span class = "ow" > in< / span > < span class = "n" > result< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span >
< span class = "k" > print< / span > < span class = "s" > " < / span > < span class = "si" > %s< / span > < span class = "s" > > > > < / span > < span class = "si" > %s< / span > < span class = "s" > " < / span > < span class = "o" > %< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > hostname< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "n" > result< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "s" > ' msg' < / span > < span class = "p" > ])< / span >
< span class = "k" > print< / span > < span class = "s" > " DOWN *********" < / span >
< span class = "k" > for< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > hostname< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "n" > result< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "ow" > in< / span > < span class = "n" > results< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "s" > ' dark' < / span > < span class = "p" > ]< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > items< / span > < span class = "p" > ():< / span >
< span class = "k" > print< / span > < span class = "s" > " < / span > < span class = "si" > %s< / span > < span class = "s" > > > > < / span > < span class = "si" > %s< / span > < span class = "s" > " < / span > < span class = "o" > %< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > hostname< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "n" > result< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< p > Advanced programmers may also wish to read the source to ansible itself, for
it uses the Runner() API (with all available options) to implement the
command line tools < tt class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > ansible< / span > < / tt > and < tt class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > ansible-playbook< / span > < / tt > .< / p >
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< h3 > < a href = "index.html" > Table Of Contents< / a > < / h3 >
< ul >
< li > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#" > Using the Python API< / a > < ul >
< li > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#detailed-api-example" > Detailed API Example< / a > < / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< / ul >
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< h4 > Previous topic< / h4 >
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< p class = "topless" > < a href = "playbooks.html"
title="previous chapter">Playbooks: Ansible for Deployment, Configuration Management, and Orchestration< / a > < / p >
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< h4 > Next topic< / h4 >
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title="next chapter">Man Pages< / a > < / p >
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© Copyright 2012 Michael DeHaan.
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Last updated on Mar 09, 2012.
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